Swimming　pool　is　a　dynamic　scene　with　great　changes.　It　is　affected　by　bubbles,　light　intensity,　wave　and　other　factors.　In　this　paper,　a　new　algorithm　of　underwater　moving　target　tracking　is　proposed.　At　first,　building　the　moving　target　model　in　underwater　video　based　on　RGB　histogram.　Then　particle　filter　algorithm　is　adopted　to　track　moving　target　in　view　of　the　complex　features　of　the　swimming　pool　environment.　Besides,　updating　the　template　adaptively　in　tracking　in　order　to　adapt　to　target＇s　deformation　and　external　disturbances.　Simulation　results　show　that　the　algorithm　proposed　in　this　paper　achieves　real-time　and　stable　target　tracking　in　the　complex　surroundings　of　swimming　pool.　©　2012　IEEE.