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A series of Bi-Ti composited photocatalysts with different molar ratio of Bi/Ti (0.01:1(1%), 0.02:1(2%), 0.04:1(4%), and 0.05:1(5%)) and calcination temperature (400 degrees C, 500 degrees C, and 600 degrees C) were prepared by sol-hydrothermal method. The properties of as-prepared photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy. The selected photocatalyst (Bi-Ti-4%-600 degrees C) was prepared under Bi/Ti molar ratio of 4% and calcination temperature of 600 degrees C. Experimental variables during photocatalytic degradation were optimized for catalyst dosage, solution pH, initial bisphenol A (BPA) concentration, coexisting anions, and light source wavelength. Under optimal conditions of 1.0 g L-1 catalyst, pH 3, 30 mg L-1 initial BPA concentration, the degradation rate of BPA could reach up to 100% at 150 min under visible light irradiation. Compared with self-made pure TiO2 and commercially available P-25, Bi-Ti-4%-600 degrees C displayed an excellent photocatalytic activity for BPA degradation. Bi-Ti photocatalyst had a smaller crystal size, larger specific surface area, stronger visible light absorption ability, and lower band gap energy than self-made pure TiO2. Four intermediates of BPA degradation were identified and a possible degradation pathway was proposed.
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