Both　highway　design　and　management　are　aiming　at　the　needs　of　running　vehicles,　which　shows　the　significance　of　traffic　composition　characteristic　including　traffic　capacity　and　safety.　The　development　of　the　economy　and　mechanization　influence　the　traffic　composition　deeply.　In　order　to　reflect　the　actual　traffic　characteristics　as　to　provide　some　evidence　for　road　designers　and　managers,　especially　in　barrier　design.　This　paper　does　some　systematic　investigation　and　analysis　work　using　the　real　traffic　data　collected　from　different　level　highways.　Basing　on　the　Chinese　plan　of　11th　5　years,　8　economic　regions　and　are　divided　to　represent　the　whole　condition　in　China.　Different　functions　such　as　highways　are　divided　into　expressways,　national　and　provincial　highways.　The　relationship　between　economic　and　traffic　composition　characteristic　are　also　analyzed,　and　two　kinds　of　whole　results　are　provided　using　simple　average　method　and　GDP　weighting　method.　The　typical　truck　mass　is　also　provided.　©　2011　ASCE.