Considering　the　security　and　efficiency　of　quantum　communication　system,　one　step　quantum　key　distribution　protocol　based　on　hyperentangled　Bell　state　is　proposed.　Every　6　classical　bits　are　divided　into　a　group,　which　are　encoded　by　single　particle　and　hyperentangled　Bell　state,　the　sender　Alice　sends　them　to　receiver　Bob,　Bob　randomly　selects　the　position　of　hyperentangled　Bell　state　to　measure　and　detects　the　existence　of　eavesdropper　Eve　by　comparing　measurement　results　in　his　hand　and　transmitted　by　Alice.　Quantum　key　distribution　protocol　based　on　grouping　is　proposed　to　solve　the　storage　problem　of　quantum　information　and　improve　the　maneuverability,　a　security　analysis　is　calculated　under　the　intercept-measure-resend　attack　which　introduce　at　least　an　error　rate　of　46.875%,　if　Eve　wants　to　get　all　the　information,　the　probability　of　detection　eavesdropping　under　the　entanglement-measure　attack　is　93.75%,　so　it　proves　that　proposed　protocol　does　not　need　to　store　the　quantum　state　and　asymptotically　secure　under　intercept-measure-resend　attack　and　entanglement-measure　attack.