Based　on　coldmetal　transfer　(CMT)　welding,　wire-arc　additive　manufacturing　(WAAM)　technology　was　adopted　to　manufacture　2Cr13　part.　The　spatial　periodicity　of　the　microstructural　evolution　and　the　anti-indentation　properties　was　explored.　The　results　show　that　the　as-deposited　part　was　featured　by　periodic　martensite　laths　within　the　block-shaped　ferrite　matrix　in　the　inner　layers,　followed　by　epitaxial　ferrite　grains　containing　ultrafine　acicular　martensite　in　the　top　layer　only.　A　slightly　decreased　Fe　intensity　was　caused　by　local　elemental　segregation　during　the　re-melting　process;　the　homogeneity　of　Fe　and　Cr　was　attributed　to　similar　cooling　conditions　in　the　top　layer.　The　martensite　size　gradually　coarsened　from　the　fine　grain　zone　to　the　coarse　grain　zone　and　the　shape　transformed　correspondingly　from　irregularly　short　bar-like　to　orderly　long　rod-like　due　to　the　location-related　thermal　history.　Elongated　ferrite　grains　exhibited　a　slight　fiber　texture　in　the　top　layer　and　a　random　crystallographic　orientation　in　the　middle　region.　The　anti-indentation　properties　evolved　periodically　due　to　the　periodic　microstructural　characteristics.　The　obtained　experimental　results　confirmed　higher　anti-indentation　properties　of　the　as-deposited　part　following　comparison　with　the　as-annealed　base　metal,　while　the　elastic　moduli　of　samples　were　not　significantly　different.　(C)　2018　Elsevier　Ltd.　This　is　an　open　access　article　under　the　CC　BY-NC-ND　license.