Fe3O4　nanoparticle/graphene　aerogel　(Fe3O4/GA)　composite　is　fabricated　by　a　simple　one-step　liquid　phase　precipitation　method　without　further　heat-treatment.　The　reduction　of　graphene　oxide,　deposition　of　Fe3O4　nanoparticle　and　formation　of　3D　graphene　nanosheet　network　can　happen　simultaneously　during　preparation　process,　guaranteeing　the　uniform　distribution　of　Fe3O4　nanoparticles　on　the　surface　of　graphene　nanosheets.　The　influence　of　the　graphene　amount　in　the　Fe3O4/GA　composites　on　electrochemical　performance　is　investigated.　The　as-prepared　Fe3O4/GA　composite　with　a　graphene　content　of　25%　displays　good　electrochemical　lithium　storage　performance　(a　high　reversible　capacity　of　985　mAh　g(-1)　at　a　current　density　of　0.1　A　g(-1)　after　100　cycles)　and　good　rate　capability　(434　mAh　g(-1)　at　the　current　density　as　high　as　2　A　g(-1)).　Moreover,　the　contribution　of　the　pseudocapacitance　capacity　can　explicate　the　origin　of　good　rate　capability　of　the　Fe3O4/GA　composite.　This　work　demonstrates　the　great　potential　of　Fe3O4/GA　composite　as　an　alternative　anode　material　for　the　low-cost　and　high-performance　lithium　ion　batteries.