Combinations　of　DNA　and　recombinant-viral-vector　based　vaccines　are　promising　AIDS　vaccine　methods　because　of　their　potential　for　inducing　cellular　immune　responses.　It　was　found　that　Gag-specific　cytotoxic　lymphocyte　(CTL)　responses　were　associated　with　lowering　viremia　in　an　untreated　HIV-1　infected　cohort.　The　main　objectives　of　our　studies　were　the　construction　of　DNA　and　recombinant　Sendai　virus　vector　(rSeV)　vaccines　containing　a　gag　gene　from　the　prevalent　Thailand　subtype　B　strain　in　China　and　trying　to　use　these　vaccines　for　therapeutic　and　prophylactic　vaccines.　The　candidate　plasmid　DNA　vaccine　pcDNA3.1(+)-gag　and　recombinant　Sendai　virus　vaccine　(rSeV-gag)　were　constructed　separately.　It　was　verified　by　Western　blotting　analysis　that　both　DNA　and　rSeV-gag　vaccines　expressed　the　HIV-1　Gag　protein　correctly　and　efficiently.　Balb/c　mice　were　immunized　with　these　two　vaccines　in　different　administration　schemes.　HIV-1　Gag-specific　CTL　responses　and　antibody　levels　were　detected　by　intracellular　cytokine　staining　assay　and　enzyme-linked　immunosorbant　assay　(ELISA)　respectively.　Combined　vaccines　in　a　DNA　prime/rSeV-gag　boost　vaccination　regimen　induced　the　strongest　and　most　long-lasting　Gag-specific　CTL　and　antibody　responses.　It　maintained　relatively　high　levels　even　9　weeks　post　immunization.　This　data　indicated　that　the　prime-boost　regimen　with　DNA　and　rSeV-gag　vaccines　may　offer　promising　HIV　vaccine　regimens.　©　Wuhan　Institute　of　Virology,　CAS　and　Springer-Verlag　GmbH　2008.