In　recent　few　years,　significant　improvement　has　been　made　in　developing　largescale　3D　printers　to　accommodate　the　need　of　industrial-scale　3D　printing.　It　is　of　great　feasibility　to　construct　structural　components　and　buildings　by　means　of　3D　concrete　printing.　The　major　issues　of　this　innovative　technique　focus　on　the　preparation　and　optimization　of　concrete　materials　which　possess　favourable　printable　properties　as　well　as　the　measurement　and　evaluation　methods　of　their　workability.　This　paper　firstly　introduces　three　largescale　3D　printing　systems　that　have　been　successfully　applied　in　construction　industry.　It　then　summarizes　the　commonly　used　raw　materials　in　concrete　manufacturing.　Critical　factors　that　should　be　particularly　controlled　in　material　preparation　are　specified.　Easy-extrusive,　easy-flowing,　well-buildable,　proper　setting　time　and　low　shrinkage　are　significant　for　concrete　mixture　to　meet　the　critical　requirements　of　a　freeform　construction　process.　Thereafter,　measuring　methods　that　can　be　employed　to　assess　the　fresh　and　hardened　properties　of　concrete　at　early　stages　are　suggested.　Finally,　a　few　of　evaluation　methods　are　presented　which　may　offer　certain　assistance　for　optimizing　material　preparation.　The　objective　of　this　work　is　to　review　current　design　methodologies　and　experimental　measurement　and　evaluation　methods　for　3D　printable　concrete　materials　and　promote　its　responsible　use　with　largescale　3D　printing　technology.