The　hybrid　structures　of　carbon　nanomaterials　reveal　the　excellent　properties　and　open　new　windows　for　the　applications　of　carbon-based　nanomaterials.　However,　the　structural　transformation　of　carbon　nanomaterials　should　be　better　understood　to　design　the　new　hybrid　carbon　nanomaterials.　For　this　reason,　we　explore　the　growth　of　carbon　nanorods　composed　of　nanocrystalline　graphite　sheets　and　amorphous　carbon　nanoparticles　by　plasma　enhanced　hot　filament　chemical　vapor　deposition　using　Au　film　as　the　catalyst.　The　results　indicate　that　the　carbon　nanorods　are　a　hybrid　structure　of　nanocrystalline　graphite　sheets　and　amorphous　carbon　nano　particles　formed　via　the　large　Au　nanoparticles.　The　studies　of　transformation　mechanism　indicate　that　the　solubility　of　C-2　and　C-3　carbon　species　in　the　Au　nanoparticles　plays　an　important　role　in　the　conversion　between　graphite　carbon　and　amorphous　carbon.　Moreover,　the　solubility　of　C,　C-2　and　C-3　carbon　species　in　the　Au　nanoparticles　can　control　the　graphitic　nanostructure　and　morphology.　Furthermore,　the　study　on　the　photoluminescence　of　carbon　nanorods　indicates　the　synthesized　carbon　nanorods　emit　the　ultraviolet　and　green　light　at　room　temperature,　which　originates　from　the　hydrocarbon　radicals　on　the　carbon　nanorods　and　the　transition　between　pi*　and　pi　bands　of　sp(2)　carbon　clusters　in　the　carbon　nanorods,　respectively.　The　results　enable　us　not　only　to　control　the　structure　of　carbon　nanomaterials　but　also　develop　the　next-generation　optoelectronic　devices　based　on　carbon　nanomaterials.