A　pilot-scale　biological　filter　was　constructed　to　purify　high　concentration　of　iron　and　manganese　simultaneously　from　low-temperature　(5-6　℃)　groundwater　in　a　water　supply　plant.　Results　show　that　the　corresponding　functional　oxidizing　bacteria　can　be　acclimated　sufficiently　in　low-temperature　and　the　biological　filter　can　realize　quick　start-up　by　means　of　adjusting　process　parameters(the　backwash　strength)appropriately　and　inoculating　matured　materials,the　backwash　supernatant　returned　to　the　filter,the　start-up　time　is　two　months　only,　while　the　filtration　rate　is　6　m/h.The　ideal　operating　parameters　for　stable　operation　of　the　filter　column　are:the　filtration　rates　(4-7　m/h),　the　backwashing　period　(24,36,　and　48　h),　the　backwashing　intensity　(8,10,　and　12　L/(s•m2)),　and　the　backwashing　time　is　4-5　minutes.　Further　analysis,the　variation　of　iron,manganese　removal　along　the　filter　show　that　the　iron　is　removed　mainly　in　the　depth　of　0-400　mm　and　the　manganese　is　removed　mainly　in　the　depth　of　0-900　mm,　The　manganese　removal　zone　moves　down　first　and　then　moves　up.　Under　this　contition,　the　thickness　of　the　filter　layer　is　optimized,and　the　optimum　filter　layer　thickness　is　1　200-1　300　mm　when　the　filtration　rates　is　5-6　m/h.　©　2018,　Editorial　Department　of　Journal　of　Beijing　University　of　Technology.　All　right　reserved.