The　separation　of　gas　molecules　with　similar　physicochemical　properties　is　of　high　importance　but　practically　entails　a　substantial　energy　penalty　in　chemical　industry.　Meanwhile,　clean　energy　gases　such　as　H-2　and　CH4　are　considered　as　promising　candidates　for　the　replacement　of　traditional　fossil　fuels.　However,　the　technologies　for　the　storage　of　these　gases　are　still　immature.　In　addition,　the　release　of　anthropogenic　toxic　gases　into　the　atmosphere　is　a　worldwide　threat　of　growing　concern.　Both　in　academia　and　industry,　considerable　research　efforts　have　been　devoted　to　developing　advanced　porous　materials　for　the　effective　and　energy-efficient　separation,　storage,　or　capture　of　the　related　gases.　In　contrast　to　conventional　inorganic　porous　materials　such　as　zeolites　and　activated　carbons,　metal-organic　frameworks　(MOFs)　are　considered　as　a　type　of　promising　materials　for　gas　separation　and　storage.　In　this　contribution,　we　review　the　recent　research　advance　of　MOFs　in　some　relevant　applications,　including　CO2　capture,　O-2　purification,　separation　of　light　hydrocarbons,　separation　of　noble　gases,　storage　of　gases　(CH4,　H-2,　and　C2H2)　for　energy,　and　removal　of　some　gaseous　air　pollutants　(NH3,　NO2,　and　SO2).　Finally,　an　outlook　regarding　the　challenges　of　the　future　research　of　MOFs　in　these　directions　is　given.　(C)　2018,　Institute　of　Process　Engineering,　Chinese　Academy　of　Sciences.　Publishing　services　by　Elsevier　B.V.