The　detection　of　hepatocellular　carcinoma　(HCC)　circulating　tumor　cells　(CTCs)　from　a　blood　sample　can　be　a　very　powerful　noninvasive　approach　for　the　early　detection　and　therapy　of　liver　cancer.　However,　the　extreme　rarity　of　tumor　cells　in　blood　containing　billions　of　other　cells　makes　the　capture　and　identification　of　CTCs　with　sufficient　sensitivity　and　specificity　a　real　challenge.　Here,　a　magnetically　assisted　surface-enhanced　Raman　scattering　(SERS)　biosensor　for　HCC　CTC　detection　is　reported　for　the　first　time.　The　biosensor　consists　of　two　basic　elements:　anti-ASGPR　antibody-Fe3O4@Ag　magnetic　nanoparticles　and　anti-GPC3　antibody-Au@Ag@DTNB　nanorods.　According　to　the　dual-selectivity　of　the　anti-ASGPR　and　anti-GPC3　antibodies　and　the　dual-enhancement　SERS　signal　of　the　MNPs　silver　shell　and　the　Au@Ag　NRs　SERS　tags,　a　limit　of　detection　of　1cellmL(-1)　for　HCC　CTC　in　human　peripheral　blood　samples　with　a　linear　relationship　from　1　to　100cellsmL(-1)　can　be　obtained.　The　system　shows　good　performance　in　real　serum,　which　suggests　it　may　be　a　promising　tool　for　HCC　clinical　diagnosis.