In　accidental　irradiation　situations,　rapid　in-field　evaluation　of　acute　radiation　syndrome　is　critical　for　effective　triage　and　timely　medical　treatment　of　irradiated　individuals.　A　surface-enhanced　Raman　scattering　(SERS)-based　lateral　flow　assay　was　developed　for　the　quantitative　detection　of　C-reactive　protein　(CRP)　as　an　early　bio-indicator　of　a　radiation-induced　inflammatory　response　in　nonhuman　primates.　Raman　reporter-embedded　gold-core　silver-shell　nanoparticles　with　built-in　hot　spots　were　synthesized　and　conjugated　with　a　CRP　detection　antibody　to　serve　as　SERS　tags　in　the　lateral　flow　assay.　The　proposed　SERS-based　lateral　flow　assay　can　rapidly　detect　CRP　with　a　limit　of　detection　of　0.01　ng　mL(-1)　and　quantitative　analysis　ability.　Furthermore,　the　assay　was　applied　to　evaluate　the　CRP　levels　in　plasma　samples　of　irradiated　nonhuman　primates　at　0　to　80　h　after　exposure　to　sublethal　(4　Gy)　and　lethal　(8　Gy)　doses　of　total　body　irradiation　(n　=　3　animals　per　group).　The　plasma　CRP　levels　increase　rapidly　within　few　hours　after　irradiation.　The　CRP　level　peaks　are　observed　at　12　or　24　h　after　irradiation,　with　a　concentration　of　201.30,　386.06　and　475.18　g　mL(-1)　for　the　4　Gy　irradiated　animals　and　197.14,　69.52　and　358.03　g　mL(-1)　for　the　8　Gy　irradiated　animals.　The　results　indicate　the　potential　application　of　the　proposed　SERS-based　lateral　flow　assay　to　serve　as　a　rapid　and　accurate　point-of-care　biodosimetry　assay　for　the　quantitative　detection　of　bio-indicators　to　triage　irradiated　individuals　in　the　field　of　a　radiation　accident.