This　paper　presents　a　16-channel　power-efficient　neural/muscular　stimulation　integrated　circuit　for　peripheral　nerve　prosthesis.　First,　the　theoretical　analysis　is　presented　to　show　the　power　efficiency　optimization　in　a　stimulator.　Moreover,　a　continuous-time,　biphasic　exponential-current-waveform　generation　circuit　is　designed　based　on　Taylor　series　approximation　and　implemented　in　the　proposed　stimulation　chip　to　optimize　the　power　efficiency.　In　the　16-channel　stimulator　chip　design,　each　channel　of　the　stimulator　consists　of　a　current　copier,　an　exponential　current　generator,　an　active　charge-balancing　circuit,　and　a　24-V　output　stage.　Stimulation　amplitude,　pulse　width,　and　frequency　can　be　set　and　adjusted　through　an　external　field-programmable　gate　array　by　sending　serial　commands.　Finally,　the　proposed　stimulator　chip　has　been　fabricated　in　a　0.18-m　advanced　complementary　metal-oxide-semiconductor　process　with　24-V　laterally　diffused　metal　oxide　semiconductor　option.　The　maximum　stimulation　power　efficiency　of　95.9%　is　achieved　at　the　output　stage　with　an　electrode　model　of　10-k　resistance　and　100-nF　capacitance.　Animal　experiment　results　further　demonstrate　the　power　efficiency　improvement　and　effectiveness　of　the　stimulator.