Soil,　water,　and　air　pollution　is　an　important　issue　for　human　society.　In　recent　years,　water　pollution　from　industrial　and　household　sources　is　becoming　more　and　more　serious　and　the　world　is　facing　clean　water　crisis.　Wastewater　treatment　and　recycling　will　provide　a　solution.　For　water　treatment,　adsorption　and　advanced　oxidation　process　are　the　two　important　physical　and　chemical　technologies.　In　this　paper,　we　will　report　an　investigation　of　using　these　two　methods　in　treatment　of　dye　containing　wastewater.　In　adsorption,　zeolites　synthesized　from　fly　ash　(FA)　have　been　tested　for　methylene　blue　adsorption.　One-step　hydrothermal　and　two-step　fusion　and　hydrothermal　syntheses　were　investigated　for　zeolite　synthesis.　The　effect　of　aging　process　during　the　two-step　synthesis　was　studied.　It　was　found　that　zeolite　P　would　be　formed　during　the　hydrothermal　reaction;　however,　the　conversion　efficiency　depended　on　the　preparation　method.　One-step　hydrothermal　treatment　could　not　convert　fly　ash　to　zeolite　efficiently　while　the　two-step　fusion　and　hydrothermal　treatment　with　aging　process　would　achieve　a　complete　conversion　of　fly　ash　to　zeolite.　Those　synthesized　zeolites　show　higher　dye　adsorption　capacity　than　fly　ash　itself　and　the　fusion-hydrothermal　synthesized　zeolite　exhibits　the　highest　adsorption　capacity.　Fly　ash　will　exhibit　adsorption　capacity　of　5　x　10-6　mol/g,　while　the　synthesized　zeolite　(FA-3)　will　show　adsorption　capacity　of　9　x　10-5　mol/g.　For　advanced　oxidation　process,　a　nanosized　magnetite　(Fe3O4)　has　been　employed　as　a　heterogeneous　Fenton　catalyst　for　decolorization　of　methylene　blue　in　aqueous　solution.　It　is　found　that　the　nanosized　magnetite　is　quite　effective　for　dye　decolorization　at　low　catalyst　loading　and　H2O2　concentration.　A　100%　decolorization　of　methylene　blue　can　be　achieved　within　30　min　at　the　conditions　of　2　g/L　magnetite　and　300　μM　H2O2.　The　catalyst　exhibits　remarkable　stability　of　performance　and　low　metal　loss.　The　maximum　concentration　of　Fe　in　solution　after　3　h　oxidation　is　less　than　1.9　mg/L.　Life　cycle　tests　also　indicate　that　no　decrease　in　decolorization　efficiency　was　observed　after　6　round　tests.　©　2009　Nova　Science　Publishers,　Inc.