A　new　bridge　seismic　vulnerability　assessment　methodology　considering　traveling　wave　effect　is　proposed　based　on　the　traditional　theory　of　reliability,　and　incorporating　incremental　dynamic　analysis　(IDA)　method　and　large　mass　method　(LMM).　The　far-field　and　near-field　earthquake　vulnerability　curves　are　built　for　a　rigid　bridge　with　flexible　twin　piers　in　different　height.　The　results　show　that　the　travelling　wave　effect　should　be　considered　when　assessing　the　seismic　vulnerability　of　the　bridge　otherwise　the　seismic　performance　maybe　be　overestimate.　Compared　with　the　far-field　earthquake　vulnerability,　near-field　earthquake　vulnerability　is　influenced　by　the　traveling　wave　effect　significantly.　The　vulnerability　of　high　pier　is　sensitive　to　the　traveling　wave　effect　compared　with　the　vulnerability　of　the　short　pier.　©　2016,　Science　Press.　All　right　reserved.