A　parameter　optimization　design　method　is　proposed　for　multiple　coal　bucket　dampers　(CBDs)　to　reduce　the　seismic　response　of　coal-fired　power　plants.　To　test　the　damping　effect　of　the　optimized　CBDs,　a　1:30　scale　shaking　table　test　model　of　a　power　plant　structure　was　fabricated.　A　comparative　testing　program　was　conducted　using　three　seismic　excitations　on　a　model　with　and　without　CBDs.　A　finite　element　analysis　model,　replicating　the　conditions　of　the　shaking　table　test,　was　constructed　for　comparison,　and　the　shock　absorption　effects　of　CBDs　subjected　to　22　groups　of　far-field　seismic　action　and　28　groups　of　near-field　seismic　action　were　analyzed.　Finally,　the　influence　of　changes　in　the　structural　period　on　the　seismic　response　of　the　CBD-equipped　structure　was　studied.　The　results　indicate　that　the　use　of　CBDs　in　a　coal-fired　power　plant　structure,　based　on　an　optimization　design　method　for　multiple-tuned　mass　dampers　(MTMDs),　results　in　a　significant　reduction　in　the　structure　displacement　response,　displays　a　certain　discreteness　under　different　excitations,　and　maintains　a　certain　damping　stability　even　as　the　structural　period　changes.　Overall,　the　use　of　CBDs　is　a　promising　prospect　for　improving　the　seismic　performance　of　coal-fired　power　plant　structures.