Due　to　their　superior　magnetism,　electric　conductivity,　reaction　activities,　optical　properties　and　so　on,　engineering　nanomaterials　are　widely　applied　in　microelectronics,　catalysis,　fuel　cell　technology,　materials　science,　biotechnology　&　medicine　and　other　fields.　However,　combining　with　their　excellent　function　and　outstanding　feature,　their　potential　impacts　on　the　resources,　energy,　environment　and　human　health　are　becoming　concerns.　It　is　of　great　significance　for　material　science　development,　environmental　protection　and　sustainable　development　of　ENMs　to　identify　these　impacts.　As　an　integrated　and　comprehensive　evaluation　method,　life　cycle　assessment　(LCA)　is　highly　recommended　to　evaluate　not　only　their　efficiency　of　resource　and　energy,　but　also　their　environmental　impacts,　which　includes　the　various　techniques,　processes　and　productions　of　ENMs.　The　aim　of　this　paper　is　to　review　the　existing　research　on　life　cycle　energy　consumption　analysis,　environmental　impact　assessment　and　environmental　release　analysis　of　ENMs　based　on　LCA　methodology.　The　challenges　and　issues　in　the　research　are　summarized　and　the　perspective　of　future　research　is　also　put　forward.　©　2016,　The　Editorial　Board　of　Materials　China.　All　right　reserved.