Aluminum　is　an　essential　material　for　the　construction　and　development　of　national　economy,　however　the　greenhouse　gas　(GHG)　emissions　caused　by　its　production　have　been　noticed　by　China＇s　government　gradually.　In　this　study,　the　life　cycle　energy　consumption　and　GHG　emissions　caused　by　the　production　of　primary　aluminum　in　different　years　in　China　were　calculated,　and　the　relationship　between　GHG　emissions　and　some　important　factors　i.e.　resource　consumption　and　process　energy　consumption　was　analyzed　by　correlation　analysis.　The　final　results　show　that　electricity　consumption　is　the　major　contributor　for　the　GHG　emissions,　which　accounts　for　68.5%　of　the　total,　followed　by　the　emissions　of　anode　effect,　accounting　for　7.9%,　and　the　contribution　of　other　factors　is　less　than　6%.　The　correlation　analysis　results　indicate　that　the　electricity　consumption,　the　combustion　of　the　coal　gas,　the　calcination　of　the　limestone　are　the　three　main　factors　which　have　the　largest　correlation　degrees　with　GHG　emissions,　and　their　correlation　degrees　are　0.937,　0.899　and　0.893,　respectively.　Considering　the　limitation　of　the　current　adoption　of　technology　improvements　in　the　electricity　consumption　and　anode　effect　control,　decreasing　the　consumption　of　the　producer　gas　and　improving　the　efficiency　of　the　limestone　are　the　two　effective　ways　to　decrease　the　GHG　emissions　of　primary　aluminum　production.　©,　2014,　Science　Press.　All　right　reserved.