Lead-acid　batteries　(LABs),　a　widely　used　energy　storage　equipment　in　cars　and　electric　vehicles,　are　becoming　serious　problems　due　to　their　high　environmental　impact.　In　this　study,　an　integrated　method,　combining　material　flow　analysis　with　life　cycle　assessment,　was　developed　to　analyze　the　environmental　emissions　and　burdens　of　lead　in　LABs.　The　environmental　burdens　from　other　materials　in　LABs　were　not　included.　The　results　indicated　that　the　amount　of　primary　lead　used　in　LABs　accounted　for　77%　of　the　total　lead　production　in　2014　in　China.　The　amount　of　discharged　lead　into　the　environment　was　8.54　x　10(5)　tonnes,　which　was　mainly　from　raw　material　extraction　(57.2%).　The　largest　environmental　burden　was　from　the　raw　materials　extraction　and　processing,　which　accounted　for　81.7%　of　the　total　environmental　burdens.　The　environmental　burdens　of　the　environmental　toxicity　potential,　human　toxicity　potential-cancer,　human　toxicity　potential-non-cancer,　water　footprint　and　land　use　accounted　for　more　than　90%　at　this　stage.　Moreover,　the　environmental　burdens　from　primary　lead　was　much　more　serious　than　regenerated　lead.　On　the　basis　of　the　results,　main　practical　measures　and　policies　were　proposed　to　reduce　the　lead　emissions　and　environmental　burdens　of　LABs　in　China,　namely　establishing　an　effective　LABs　recycling　system,　enlarging　the　market　share　of　the　legal　regenerated　lead,　regulating　the　production　of　regenerated　lead,　and　avoiding　the　long-distance　transportation　of　the　waste　LABs.