International　trade　separates　the　consumption　of　goods　and　services　from　their　production　as　well　as　human　health　impacts　associated　with　production-based　environmental　emissions.　It　is　one　of　the　drivers　of　fine　particulate　matter　(PM2.5),　particles　＜2.5　mu　m　diameter,　which　is　a　leading　environmental　health　risk　factor　associated　with　several　adverse　effects　on　human　health,　but　its　importance　is　not　fully　kcharacterized.　This　study　quantifies　global　economic　output　and　PM2,5-related　human　health　impacts　caused　by　the　consumption　of　189　nations.　The　results　show　that　in　2010,　23%　of　global　economic　output　and　26%　of　global　PM2.5-related　human　health　impacts　(4.1　million　DALY,　disability-adjusted　life　year　losses)　were　caused　by　the　production　induced　by　other　nations.　Developed　nations　(e.g.,　the　U.S.,　Japan,　and　Germany)　outsource　not　only　economic　production　but　also　PM2.5-related　human　health　impacts　(14%)　to　Asia　(e.g.,　China　and　India).　An　average　North　American　consumer　induced　nearly　as　much　economic　output　in　Asia　as　an　average　Asian　consumer.　North　American　consumers　induced　596　thousand　DALY　in　Asia　in　2010,　while　Asian　consumers　induced　only　19　thousand　DALY　in　North　America.　International　joint　efforts　between　developed　nations　and　Asia　are　important　to　effectively　reduce　global　PM2.5-related　human　health　impacts.　(C)　2017　Elsevier　Ltd.　All　rights　reserved.