Monitoring　pavement　rutting　condition　is　crucial　to　highway　agencies.　Rutting　depth　measures　have　been　extensively　referenced　for　different　purposes　such　as　determining　pavement　present　serviceability,　modeling　pavement　deterioration,　and　so　on.　Over　the　decades,　various　methods　have　been　developed　to　measure　rutting　depth;　however,　two　major　problems　have　compromised　the　reliability　and　consistency　of　rutting　depth　measurement　in　current　practice.　First,　one　measure　or　discrete　rutting　depths　collected　at　relatively　long　intervals　have　been　used　to　represent　the　rutting　condition　of　the　entire　pavement　section,　which　results　in　imprecise　and　partial　characterization　of　the　actual　condition.　Second,　the　rutting　depth　measures　for　left　and　right　wheel-path　have　always　been　simply　averaged　for　further　applications　including　integrating　pavement　indices,　rutting　classification,　and　so　on.　Recently,　an　emerging　system　called　PaveVision3D　Ultra　is　capable　of　producing　3D　1　mm　virtual　pavement　surface　model　at　highway　speed　for　both　network　and　project　level　survey.　In　this　study,　with　the　bulks　of　field-collected　3D　1　mm　transverse　profile　data,　it　was　found　that　significant　variations　of　rutting　depth　exist　between　left　and　right　wheel-path　as　well　as　along　the　longitudinal　direction.　Considering　these　variations,　multiple　applications　of　rutting　depth　data　are　modeled　with　suitable　analytical　methods　such　as　Monte　Carlo　Simulation　to　identify　the　effect　of　rutting　data　distribution　on　Present　Serviceability　Index　(PSI).　Suggestions　of　reasonably　utilizing　the　continuous　rutting　depth　data　are　proposed　for　practitioners.　©　2016　Chinese　Society　of　Pavement　Engineering.