BACKGROUND:　Microwave　ablation　is　a　new　technology　for　the　surgical　treatment　of　atrial　fibrillation.　And　we　lack　experience　in　the　clinical　application　of　microwave　ablation　both　at　home　and　abroad.　OBJECTIVE:　To　summarize　the　situation　and　progression　about　the　study　on　thermal　field　of　microwave　ablation　therapy　for　atrial　fibrillation　at　home　and　abroad.　METHODS:　The　databases　of　CNKI,　EI　and　SCI　were　selected　to　search　the　related　articles　about　the　thermal　field　of　microwave　ablation.　The　keywords　were　＂ablation,　atrial　fibrillation,　microwave,　thermal　field＂　in　Chinese　and　English.　RESULTS　AND　CONCLUSION:　Microwave　catheter　ablations　make　refined　mapping　of　targeted　spots　which　induce　arrhythmia,　cause　coagulative　necrosis　to　targeted　spots　and　the　adjacent　cardiac　tissue,　and　make　damage　to　tachycardia　lesions　and　pathway　to　eliminate　arrhythmia.　Computer　simulation　of　thermal　field　can　comprehensively　reflect　the　thermal　distribution　and　help　medical　workers　to　get　an　intuitive　understanding　of　the　therapeutic　process　before　ablation　surgery　and　put　forward　a　detailed　surgical　plan.　Simulation　results,　heating　time　and　intensity　can　be　modified　during　surgical　operation　according　to　certain　parameters　to　achieve　desired　treatment　results.