To　compare　the　foreign　gene-specific　and　vector-specific　immune　responses　in　BALB/c　mice　immunized　with　rAd5　or　rAAV2/1　expressing　the　same　gene.　BALB/c　mice　were　immunized　with　rAd5-gag　or　rAAV2/1-gag　once,　HIV-1　Gag-specific　and　vector-specific　cellular　immune　responses　were　analyzed　by　Elispot　assay,　HIV-1　P24-specific　IgG　and　vector-specific　IgG　were　tested　by　ELISA　assay.　Mice　immunized　with　rAd5-gag　induced　potent　Gag-specific　cellular　immune　responses　and　that　were　significantly　higher　than　Ad5-specfic　cellular　responses,　while　rAAV2/1-gag　elicited　weak　Gag-specific　and　AAV2/1-specific　cellular　responses.　Both　P24-specific　and　Ad5-specific　IgG　titers　induced　by　rAd5-gag　were　high　and　in　similar　level.　Higher　level　of　P24-specific　IgG　was　found　in　mice　inoculated　with　rAAV2/1-gag　than　rAd5-gag.　And　the　P24-specific　IgG　titers　were　higher　than　the　vector-specific　IgG　titers　in　mice　immunized　with　rAAV2/1.　rAd5　could　elicit　strong　foreign　gene-specific　cellular　and　humoral　immune　responses,　weak　vector-specific　cellular　responses　and　strong　vector-specific　antibodies,　rAAV2/1　could　induce　potent　foreign　gene-specific　antibodies　that　were　much　higher　than　vector-specific　IgG,　while　both　foreign　gene-specific　and　vector-specific　cellular　responses　were　very　low.