The　ever-increasing　demand　for　clean　and　renewable　power　sources　has　sparked　intensive　research　on　water　splitting　to　produce　hydrogen,　in　which　the　exploration　of　electrocatalysts　is　the　central　issue.　Herein,　a　new　strategy,　metal-organic　framework　template-directed　fabrication　of　hierarchically　structured　Co3O4@X　(X　=　Co3O4,　CoS,　C,　and　CoP)　electrocatalysts　for　efficient　oxygen　evolution　reaction　(OER)　is　developed,　where　Co3O4@X　are　derived　from　cobalt　carbonatehydroxide@zeolitic-imidazolate-framework-67　(CCH@ZIF-67).　Unique　hierarchical　structure　and　synergistic　effect　of　resulting　catalysts　endow　abundant　exposed　active　sites,　facile　ion　diffusion　path,　and　improved　conductivity,　being　favorable　for　improving　catalytic　activity　of　them.　Consequently,　these　derivatives　Co3O4@X　reveal　highly　efficient　electrocatalytic　performance　with　long-term　durability　for　the　OER,　much　superior　to　previously　reported　cobalt-based　catalysts　as　well　as　the　Ir/C　catalyst.　Particularly,　Co3O4@CoP　exhibits　the　highest　electrocatalytic　capability　with　the　lower　overpotential　of　238　mV　at　the　current　density　of　10　mA　cm(-2).　Furthermore,　Co3O4@X　can　also　efficiently　catalyze　other　small　molecules　through　electro-oxidation　reaction　(e.g.,　glycerol,　methanol,　or　ethanol).　It　is　expected　that　the　strategy　presented　here　can　be　extended　to　the　fabrication　of　other　composite　electrode　materials　with　hierarchical　structures　for　more　efficient　water　splitting.