The　environmental　loads　are　made　due　to　the　natural　resources　and　fossil　fuels　use　and　pollutants　emissions　by　Chinese　thermal　power　industry.　To　explore　the　realistic　coal-fired　power　generation　and　its　denitration　strategies,　the　input　and　output　of　coal-fired　power　generation　in　China　were　identified　and　quantified.　The　scope　of　this　paper　is　defined　in　the　boundary　of　coal-fired　electricity　generation　system　all　over　China.　The　methodology　follows　the　principal　of　ISO　14040　and　ISO　14044.　The　functional　unit　is　“1　kWh　of　electricity　generated”.　The　inventory　data　of　Chinese　coal-fired　power　generation　in　2009　without　denitration　technology　applications　were　measured.　The　output　data　include　the　CO,　N2O,　CH4,　CO2,　NOx,　PM　and　SO2　emissions.　NOx　emissions　are　the　major　contributor　of　acidification　and　photochemical　in　China.　To　avoid　catastrophic　environmental　damages,　the　air　pollution　especially　NOx　emissions　from　coal-fired　power　plants　are　advised　to　be　cut.　For　scenario　analysis,　in　the　assumption　of　100%of　selective　non-catalytic　reduction　(SNCR)　technology　applications,　China　still　has　denitration　potential.　In　the　coming　several　decades,　the　SNCR　technology　will　be　decisive　for　the　Chinese　coal-fired　power　industry　to　reach　deeper　NOx　emission　reductions.　However,　the　reduction　agents　of　ammonia　and　urea　usage　bring　ammonia　slip,　and　extra　natural　resource　and　fossils　consumption.　The　urea　use　also　brings　extra　CO2　emissions.　This　limits　the　applications　of　SNCR　technology　to　reduce　NOx　emissions.　©　(2015)　Trans　Tech　Publications,　Switzerland.