Nanostructured　permanent　magnetic　materials,　including　exchange-coupled　nanocomposite　permanent　magnets,　are　considered　as　the　next　generation　of　high-strength　magnets　for　future　applications　in　energy-saving　and　renewable　energy　technologies.　However,　fabrication　of　bulk　nanostructured　magnets　remains　very　challenging　because　conventional　compaction　and　sintering　techniques　cannot　be　used　for　nanostructured　bulk　material　processing.　In　this　paper　we　review　recent　efforts　at　producing　bulk　nanostructured　single-phase　and　composite　magnetic　materials　with　emphasis　on　grain　size　control,　anisotropy　generation　and　interface　modification.