Objective　To　assess　the　effect　of　the　fusion　of　rabbit　bone　marrow　stromal　cells　(rBMSCs)　and　Nano-hydroxyapatite/poly　(l-lactic　acid)　(Nano-HA/PLLA)　in　repairing　the　rabbit　knee　joint　with　full-thickness　cartilage　defect.　Method　The　rBMSCs　were　isolated　and　cultured　invitro,　and　the　third　generation　of　rBMSCs　was　co-cultured　with　the　Nano-HA/PLLA　to　construct　the　tissue-engineered　cartilage　(TEC).　Eighteen　New　Zealand　white　rabbits　were　selected　and　randomly　divided　into　three　groups,　namely,　TEC　group,　Nano-HA/PLLA　group,　and　control　group.　A　cartilage　defect　model　with　the　diameter　of　4.5mm　and　depth　of　5mm　was　constructed　on　the　articular　surface　of　medial　malleolus　of　rabbit　femur.　General　observation,　histological　observation,　and　Wakitani＇s　histological　scoring　were　conducted　in　the　12th　and　24th　week　postoperatively.　Results　The　results　of　TEC　group　indicated　that　new　cartilage　tissue　was　formed　on　the　defect　site　and　subchondral　bone　achieved　physiological　integration　basically.　Histological　and　immunohistochemical　analyses　indicated　the　generation　of　massive　extracellular　matrix.　In　contrast,　limited　regeneration　and　reconstruction　of　cartilage　was　achieved　in　the　Nano-HA/PLLA　group　and　control　group,　with　a　significant　difference　from　the　TEC　group　(p＜0.05).　Moreover,　the　effect　of　cartilage　repair　was　positively　correlated　with　time.　Conclusion　The　porous　Nano-HA/PLLA　combined　with　BMSCs　promoted　the　repair　of　weight-bearing　bone　of　adult　rabbit＇s　knee　joint　with　cartilage　defect.