Taxi　operation　data　of　urban　expressway　under　different　combinations　of　three　factors　including　road　type,　traffic　condition　and　driving　mode　was　divided　and　then　extracted.　Taking　cumulative　fuel　consumption　percentage　(CFCP),　cumulative　operation　time　percentage　(COTP),　relative　instantaneous　fuel　consumption　(RIFC)　and　fuel　consumption　per　hundred　kilometer　(FCPHK)　as　indicators,　distribution　characteristics　and　influencing　factors　of　fuel　consumption　were　analyzed.　Results　show　that　road　longitudinal　slope　has　significant　impact　on　vehicle　fuel　consumption.　RIFC　and　FCPHK　are　higher　on　uphill　while　lower　on　downhill.　Horizontal　alignment　has　no　significant　effect　on　fuel　consumption.　There　is　a　positive　correlation　between　operation　time　and　fuel　consumption,　which　indicates　that　the　fuel　consumption　is　reduced　by　mitigating　traffic　congestion　and　reducing　travel　time.　In　high-speed　traffic　condition,　FCPHK　is　higher　while　RIFC　is　lower.　At　a　fixed　distance　travel,　it　is　more　energy-efficient　to　maintain　a　higher　speed.　CFCP　nearly　occupies　high　percent　(53%)　of　total　fuel　consumption　and　its　FCPHK　and　RIFC　are　higher　than　that　of　other　driving　modes.　The　rank　of　three　factors　of　fuel　consumption　influencing　degrees　is　traffic　condition＞driving　mode＞road　type,　which　suggests　that　in　order　to　reduce　the　fuel　consumption,　it＇s　better　to　plan　routes　in　advance　and　avoid　congested　road.　Meanwhile,　it　also　reveals　that　the　mitigation　of　traffic　jam　effectively　reduces　the　energy　consumption.　©　2017,　Editorial　Department　of　Journal　of　Beijing　University　of　Technology.　All　right　reserved.