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摘要 ：
Bridge piers have a high risk of being attacked in wartime, which has the potential to trigger progressive bridge collapse. This study aims to predict the failure probability of reinforced con-crete (RC) piers exposed to military attack scenarios. Field explosion test and axial compression test were conducted to investigate the damage and post-blast performance of the RC pier first. Then, the uncertainties sourcing from the weapon accuracy were investigated. A performance -based (PB) vulnerability probabilistic assessment framework is developed which combines the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) with a full-scale finite element (FE) model which was verified with test results. A probabilistic vulnerability assessment of a typical RC pier subjected to stochastic blast loading is conducted, and the vulnerability curve corresponding to three performance levels is developed. In addition, the damage modes and post-blast performance of the RC pier under blast loading are analyzed. Results show that the blast-induced damage to an RC pier had a significant influence on the axial bearing capacity, and the pier presents different damage modes at different scaled distances, which has a critical value of 0.65 m/kg1/3 between local and global damage modes. The failure probability of the pier corresponding to different performance levels increased with an increase in the TNT charge. The pier's probability of collapse is less than 20 % when the TNT charge weight does not exceed 500 kg.
关键词 ：
Damage mode Damage mode Blast loads Blast loads Probabilistic vulnerability analysis Probabilistic vulnerability analysis Axial load bearing capacity Axial load bearing capacity Bridge pier Bridge pier
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| GB/T 7714 | Lv, Chenxu , Yan, Qiushi , Li, Liang et al. Field test and probabilistic vulnerability assessment of a reinforced concrete bridge pier subjected to blast loads [J]. | ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS , 2023 , 143 . |
| MLA | Lv, Chenxu et al. "Field test and probabilistic vulnerability assessment of a reinforced concrete bridge pier subjected to blast loads" . | ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS 143 (2023) . |
| APA | Lv, Chenxu , Yan, Qiushi , Li, Liang , Li, Shutao . Field test and probabilistic vulnerability assessment of a reinforced concrete bridge pier subjected to blast loads . | ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS , 2023 , 143 . |
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摘要 ：
Near-field wave propagation of the fluid-saturated porous media (FSPM) is an important issue in soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering. In the current study, a fully explicit staggered algorithm for the near-field wave propagation analysis of the FSPM in the time domain is developed based on the u-p dynamic formulation. The decoupling of dynamic formulation is implemented by the diagonalization of the mass matrix and pore fluid compressibility matrix. The central difference method and Newmark constant average acceleration method are used for the solution of the displacement and velocity of solid skeleton, and the backward difference method is used for the solution of pore fluid pressure in the time domain. The effectiveness and feasibility of the matrix diagonalization are verified by the comparison with the classical numerical algorithm. The proposed algorithm is also validated by the comparison of the numerical results with the corresponding analytical solution results. Combing with the transmitting artificial boundary condition, the proposed algorithm is then applied to investigate the seismic response of a FSPM free field, and its applicability to the typical near-field wave propagation problems of the FSPM is indicated. The stability analysis of the proposed algorithm is finally conducted, and the corresponding stability criterion is presented. For the proposed algorithm, all the dynamic variables of the FSPM are solved in an iterative way and the coupling dynamic equations need not to be solved at each time step. The computational effort can be reduced considerably, and the computational efficiency can be improved remarkably.
关键词 ：
fluid-saturated porous media fluid-saturated porous media fully explicit staggered algorithm fully explicit staggered algorithm u-p dynamic formulation u-p dynamic formulation near-field wave propagation near-field wave propagation dynamic response dynamic response transmitting artificial boundary condition transmitting artificial boundary condition
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| GB/T 7714 | Li Liang , Xu Jingru , Du Xiuli et al. A fully explicit staggered algorithm for near-field wave propagation of fluid-saturated porous media based on u-p dynamic formulation [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS , 2022 , 46 (18) : 3283-3309 . |
| MLA | Li Liang et al. "A fully explicit staggered algorithm for near-field wave propagation of fluid-saturated porous media based on u-p dynamic formulation" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS 46 . 18 (2022) : 3283-3309 . |
| APA | Li Liang , Xu Jingru , Du Xiuli , Song Jia . A fully explicit staggered algorithm for near-field wave propagation of fluid-saturated porous media based on u-p dynamic formulation . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS , 2022 , 46 (18) , 3283-3309 . |
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摘要 ：
Dynamic compressive tests of sand under passive confining pressure were carried out using a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) setup. The dynamic response, energy dissipation and particle-breaking behaviors of sand subjected to high-speed impact were investigated. Sand specimens with moisture contents of 0%, 2%, 4%, 8%, 10% and 12% and relative densities of 0.1, 0.5 and 0.9 were prepared. The variation in the strain rate was controlled between 90 s(-1) and 500 s(-1). The specimens were confined in a designed sleeve to create passive confining pressure. The experimental results show that the sand specimens were extremely sensitive to the strain rate. When the strain rate was less than 400 s(-1), the stress and strain of the specimens increased with the increase in the strain rate but decreased when the strain rate exceeded 400 s(-1). The peak strain and peak stress increased with the increase in the relative density. Particle breakage was aggravated with the strain-rate increase. Compared with the specimen without water, the relative breakage rate of the specimen with a moisture content of 12% decreased by 30.53% when the strain rate was about 95 s(-1) and by 25.44% when the strain rate was about 460 s(-1). The analysis of energy dissipation revealed the essential cause of sand destruction. The specific energy absorption rate increased with the increases in the initial relative density and moisture content.
关键词 ：
SHPB SHPB particle breakage particle breakage passive confining pressure passive confining pressure dynamic compressive behaviors dynamic compressive behaviors impact dynamic response impact dynamic response sand sand
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Liang , Kou, Xinyu , Zhang, Gao et al. Experimental Study on Dynamic Compressive Behaviors of Sand under Passive Confining Pressure [J]. | MATERIALS , 2022 , 15 (13) . |
| MLA | Li, Liang et al. "Experimental Study on Dynamic Compressive Behaviors of Sand under Passive Confining Pressure" . | MATERIALS 15 . 13 (2022) . |
| APA | Li, Liang , Kou, Xinyu , Zhang, Gao , Huang, Kewei . Experimental Study on Dynamic Compressive Behaviors of Sand under Passive Confining Pressure . | MATERIALS , 2022 , 15 (13) . |
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摘要 ：
The permeability of saturated soils has great influence on the velocities and attenuation characteristics of fast compressional wave P1, low compressional wave P2, and shear wave S in saturated soils, respectively. In three different cases, namely zero, finite, and infinite permeability, the wave equations and theoretical velocities of P1, P2, and S wave in saturated soils are given based on the u-w-p equation, respectively. According to the solutions of the wave equations, the real velocities and attenuation coefficients of three waves are redefined, respectively. In different saturated soils, the influences of the permeability and the loading frequency on the wave velocities and attenuation are discussed, respectively. Moreover, the suitable application scope of the u-p equation is discussed based on different permeabilities and loading frequencies.
关键词 ：
attenuation attenuation frequency dispersion frequency dispersion permeability permeability saturated porous media saturated porous media wave velocity wave velocity
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| GB/T 7714 | Song, Jia , Xu, Chengshun , Li, Liang . The Influence of Permeability on the Propagation Characteristics of the Waves in Different Saturated Soils [J]. | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2021 , 11 (17) . |
| MLA | Song, Jia et al. "The Influence of Permeability on the Propagation Characteristics of the Waves in Different Saturated Soils" . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 11 . 17 (2021) . |
| APA | Song, Jia , Xu, Chengshun , Li, Liang . The Influence of Permeability on the Propagation Characteristics of the Waves in Different Saturated Soils . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2021 , 11 (17) . |
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摘要 ：
The thermomechanical coupling constitutive model of concrete is a critical subject for the theoretical investigation and numerical simulation of the mechanical behaviors of concrete members and structures at high temperature. This paper presents a thermomechanical coupling constitutive model for the description of the mechanical behaviors of concrete at different temperatures. The expression of the elastic strain increment is derived with the free energy function including the temperature variable. The expression of the plastic strain increment is derived from the yield function based on the Drucker-Prager strength criterion. The elastoplastic damage effect is included in this constitutive model. The damage variable is included in the yield function to consider the effect of the damage on the elastoplastic mechanical behaviors of concrete. The proposed constitutive model is validated by the comparison of the simulation results of the uniaxial compression tests of concrete at different temperatures with the corresponding test results. The simulation results accord well with the test results at different temperatures. This indicates that the proposed constitutive model can characterize the mechanical behaviors of concrete at different temperatures with considerable accuracy. The proposed constitutive model was applied to simulate an axially compressive concrete column. The simulation results are consistent with the essential mechanical response behaviors of concrete members at different temperatures.
关键词 ：
concrete concrete thermomechanical coupling thermomechanical coupling thermodynamics thermodynamics constitutive model constitutive model elastoplastic damage elastoplastic damage
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Liang , Wang, Hongwei , Wu, Jun et al. A Thermomechanical Coupling Constitutive Model of Concrete Including Elastoplastic Damage [J]. | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2021 , 11 (2) . |
| MLA | Li, Liang et al. "A Thermomechanical Coupling Constitutive Model of Concrete Including Elastoplastic Damage" . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 11 . 2 (2021) . |
| APA | Li, Liang , Wang, Hongwei , Wu, Jun , Jiang, Wenhua . A Thermomechanical Coupling Constitutive Model of Concrete Including Elastoplastic Damage . | APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL , 2021 , 11 (2) . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
The explicit numerical algorithm for the near-field wave motion of fluid-saturated porous media in time domain is investigated based on u-p dynamic formulation. The wave motion equations are decoupled, and dynamic coupling is eliminated by the diagonalization of the mass matrix and pore fluid compression matrix. Based on the decoupled wave motion equations, the central difference method and Newmark constant average acceleration method are adopted for the solution of solid-phase displacement and velocity, respectively. The formulation of pore fluid pressure is derived based on the backward difference method. Then the explicit staggered calculating formulas for the dynamic response of fluid-saturated porous media are derived, and a new full explicit numerical algorithm for the near-field wave motion of fluid-saturated porous media in time domain is developed. The rationality of matrix diagonalization in the algorithm is validated. The numerical results gained by the proposed algorithm accord well with the corresponding analytical results. This indicates the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Combining the time domain numerical calculation method proposed with the transmission artificial boundary method, it is applied to the near field wave motion problem of fluid-saturated porous media, and the seismic response of saturated soil site is calculated and studied. The numerical results of the seismic response of saturated soil field accord with the elastic wave motion theory. This indicates the applicability of the developed algorithm to the near-field wave motion problem of fluid-saturated porous media. The stability characteristic of the developed algorithm is investigated based on the transfer matrix of the iterative calculating formulas of the algorithm. In the developed algorithm, all the variables of dynamic response are calculated in an iterative pattern. Thusly, this algorithm has the basic characteristic of the full explicit numerical algorithm in time domain. In the developed algorithm, all the components of the dynamic response are solved by recursive and iterative modes, which avoids solving the coupled dynamic equations. This developed algorithm has high computational efficiency and is an effective algorithm for solving near-field wave motion problems in fluid-saturated porous media in time domain. © 2020, Engineering Mechanics Press. All right reserved.
关键词 ：
Computation theory Computation theory Seismic response Seismic response Transfer matrix method Transfer matrix method Iterative methods Iterative methods Elastic waves Elastic waves Numerical methods Numerical methods Equations of motion Equations of motion Porous materials Porous materials Computational efficiency Computational efficiency Time domain analysis Time domain analysis Dynamic response Dynamic response
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Liang , Li, Guo , Du, Xiu-Li et al. A full explicit numerical algorithm for near-field wave motion of fluid-saturated porous media in time domain [J]. | Engineering Mechanics , 2020 , 37 (8) : 20-31 . |
| MLA | Li, Liang et al. "A full explicit numerical algorithm for near-field wave motion of fluid-saturated porous media in time domain" . | Engineering Mechanics 37 . 8 (2020) : 20-31 . |
| APA | Li, Liang , Li, Guo , Du, Xiu-Li , Song, Jia . A full explicit numerical algorithm for near-field wave motion of fluid-saturated porous media in time domain . | Engineering Mechanics , 2020 , 37 (8) , 20-31 . |
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摘要 ：
An engineered cementitious composite (ECC) was reinforced with a steel grid and fibers to improve its tensile strength and ductility. A series of tensile tests have been carried out to investigate the quasi-static tensile capacity of the reinforced ECC. The quasi-static tensile capacities of reinforced ECCs with different numbers of steel-grid layers, types of fibers (Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber, KEVLAR fiber, and polyethylene (PE) fiber), and volume fractions of fibers have been tested and compared. It is indicated by the test results that: (1) On the whole, the steel grid-PVA fiber and steel grid-KEVLAR fiber reinforced ECCs have high tensile strength and considerable energy dissipation performance, while the steel grid-PE fiber reinforced ECC exhibits excellent ductility. (2) The ultimate tensile strength of the reinforced ECC can be improved by the addition of steel grids. The maximal peak tensile stress increase is about 50-95% or 140-190% by adding one layer or two layers of steel grid, respectively. (3) The ultimate tensile strength of the reinforced ECC can be enhanced with the increase of fiber volume fraction. For a certain kind of fiber, a volume fraction between 1.5% and 2% grants the reinforced ECC the best tensile strength. Near the ultimate loading point, the reinforced ECC exhibits strain hardening behavior, and its peak tensile stress increases considerably. The energy dissipation performance of the reinforced ECC can also be remarkably enhanced by such an increase in fiber volume fraction. (4) The ductility of the steel grid-PVA fiber reinforced ECC can be improved by the addition of steel grids and the increase of fiber volume fraction. The ductility of the steel grid-KEVLAR fiber reinforced ECC can be improved by the addition of steel grids alone. The ductility and energy dissipation performance of the steel grid-PE fiber reinforced ECC can be improved with the increase of fiber volume fraction alone. A mechanical model for the quasi-static initial and ultimate tensile strength of the steel grid-fiber reinforced ECC is proposed. The model is validated by the test data from the quasi-static tension experiments on the steel grid-PE fiber reinforced ECC.
关键词 ：
tensile capacity tensile capacity engineered cementitious composites engineered cementitious composites steel grid steel grid energy dissipation energy dissipation fiber fiber
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Liang , Liu, Wenli , Wu, Jun et al. Experimental Investigation on the Quasi-Static Tensile Capacity of Engineered Cementitious Composites Reinforced with Steel Grid and Fibers [J]. | MATERIALS , 2019 , 12 (17) . |
| MLA | Li, Liang et al. "Experimental Investigation on the Quasi-Static Tensile Capacity of Engineered Cementitious Composites Reinforced with Steel Grid and Fibers" . | MATERIALS 12 . 17 (2019) . |
| APA | Li, Liang , Liu, Wenli , Wu, Jun , Wu, Wenjie , Wu, Meng . Experimental Investigation on the Quasi-Static Tensile Capacity of Engineered Cementitious Composites Reinforced with Steel Grid and Fibers . | MATERIALS , 2019 , 12 (17) . |
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摘要 ：
We present a time-domain, explicit, finite-element method (FEM) for dynamic analysis of transversely isotropic fluid-saturated porous media (TIFSPM). Wave propagation equations in TIFSPM are derived based on continuum mechanics. An explicit FE procedure for solving wave propagation equations is developed by applying the decoupling technique in the spatial domain and central difference method and the Newmark constant average acceleration method in the time domain. The explicit FEM is applied to simulate dynamic response of TIFSPM, and simulation results are compared with dynamic response of isotropic fluid-saturated porous media (IFSPM). Parametric studies are performed on the anisotropy coefficient to investigate the effect of material anisotropy on TIFSPM dynamic response. We find that dynamic response of TIFSPM is significantly different from that of IFSPM, and anisotropy impacts largely on TIFSPM dynamic response.
关键词 ：
anisotropy coefficient anisotropy coefficient explicit finite-element method explicit finite-element method fluid-saturated porous medium fluid-saturated porous medium transverse isotropy transverse isotropy wave propagation wave propagation
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| GB/T 7714 | Li Liang , Du Xiuli , Shi Peixin et al. TIME-DOMAIN EXPLICIT FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC FLUID-SATURATED POROUS MEDIA [J]. | JOURNAL OF POROUS MEDIA , 2018 , 21 (9) : 793-811 . |
| MLA | Li Liang et al. "TIME-DOMAIN EXPLICIT FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC FLUID-SATURATED POROUS MEDIA" . | JOURNAL OF POROUS MEDIA 21 . 9 (2018) : 793-811 . |
| APA | Li Liang , Du Xiuli , Shi Peixin , Zhai Wei . TIME-DOMAIN EXPLICIT FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC FLUID-SATURATED POROUS MEDIA . | JOURNAL OF POROUS MEDIA , 2018 , 21 (9) , 793-811 . |
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摘要 ：
A precise time-integration method for the time-domain solution of the dynamic consolidation problem of fluid-saturated porous media is proposed on the basis of u-p dynamic formulation. The solid-phase displacement u is computed by the precise time-integration algorithm, and the pore fluid pressure p is computed by the backward difference algorithm. The proposed method is verified by a standard numerical example. The characteristic of the proposed method is also investigated. The computational accuracy is compared when several numerical integral methods are employed to calculate the special solution term of u-p dynamic formulation. The computational accuracy of Gauss integral method is also compared when different numbers of integral points are employed. It is shown that (1) the proposed precise time-integration method has fine computational accuracy. (2) Gauss integral method, Simpson integral method and Coates integral method all have fine computational accuracy, while trapezoidal integral method has poor computational accuracy when used to compute the special solution term. (3) the effect of the number of Gauss integral points on computational accuracy is insignificant. © 2017, Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics. All right reserved.
关键词 ：
Backward difference algorithm; Dynamic consolidation; Fluid-saturated porous media; Precise time-integration method; U-p dynamic formulation Backward difference algorithm; Dynamic consolidation; Fluid-saturated porous media; Precise time-integration method; U-p dynamic formulation
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, L. , Gao, C. , Wu, L.-H. . Precise time-integration method for the time-domain solution of the dynamic consolidation problem of fluid-saturated porous media [J]. | Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics , 2017 , 34 (1) : 27-34 . |
| MLA | Li, L. et al. "Precise time-integration method for the time-domain solution of the dynamic consolidation problem of fluid-saturated porous media" . | Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics 34 . 1 (2017) : 27-34 . |
| APA | Li, L. , Gao, C. , Wu, L.-H. . Precise time-integration method for the time-domain solution of the dynamic consolidation problem of fluid-saturated porous media . | Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics , 2017 , 34 (1) , 27-34 . |
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摘要 ：
To explore the dynamic properties of asphalt concrete under severe dynamic loading, the apparatus of servo hydraulic machine and split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) were employed to conduct the dynamic compression test for asphalt concrete material. The dynamic increase factor (DIF) and dynamic stress-strain curve were then obtained for asphalt concrete under middle to high strain rates. At same time, the advanced elasto-plastic damaged model strain rate effect was used to simulate the dynamic behavior of asphalt concrete in SHPB test. The key parameters for the selected material models, i.e. parameters of strength surfaces and the damage factor, were calibrated and quantified through laboratory tests. The results obtained are stated as follows: the apparatus of hydraulic servo machine and SHPB can be effectively used to obtain the DIF curve for asphalt concrete under middle to high strain rates. The compressive strength of asphalt concrete increased with the enhancement of strain rates. Laboratory tests can be used to quickly determine the key parameters of advanced elasto-plastic damaged model in order to represent the dynamic stress strain behavior of asphalt concrete. It was also found that the compressive DIFs of asphalt concrete obtained from SHPB test should consider contribution from two factors, one was the moisture effect at lower stain rates which was related to the first branch of DIFs curve obtained from SHPB test, and another was the lateral inertial confinement effect at higher stain rates which was related to the second branch of DIFs curve obtained from SHPB test. However, for the numerical model of asphalt concrete under dynamic loading, adopting the DIFs curve obtained from SHPB test would duplicate the inertial effects. Hence, when the numerical simulation of asphalt concrete under high strain rate loading was conducted, the second phase of compressive DIF obtained from SHPB test should not be considered, that is, the compressive DIFs obtained from SHPB test should be modified. © 2017, Editorial Board of Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology). All right reserved.
关键词 ：
Asphalt concrete Asphalt concrete Compression testing Compression testing Compressive strength Compressive strength Concretes Concretes Concrete testing Concrete testing Dynamic loads Dynamic loads Elastoplasticity Elastoplasticity Numerical models Numerical models Strain rate Strain rate Stress-strain curves Stress-strain curves
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| GB/T 7714 | Wu, Jun , Du, Xiuli , Li, Liang . Dynamic Increase Factor of Asphalt Concrete Under Middle to High Strain Rates [J]. | Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology , 2017 , 50 (9) : 921-930 . |
| MLA | Wu, Jun et al. "Dynamic Increase Factor of Asphalt Concrete Under Middle to High Strain Rates" . | Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology 50 . 9 (2017) : 921-930 . |
| APA | Wu, Jun , Du, Xiuli , Li, Liang . Dynamic Increase Factor of Asphalt Concrete Under Middle to High Strain Rates . | Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology , 2017 , 50 (9) , 921-930 . |
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