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摘要 ：
Recently, the use of biochar for wastewater treatment has become a central focus in environmental remediation studies. In this research, a simple and economical one-pot hydrothermal strategy was developed for the synthesis of iron-modified sludge-derived hydrothermal biochar (ISHB). The obtained optimum ISHB possesses abundant hydroxy, carboxyl and aromatic ring surface functional groups as well as relative high surface area and small particle size which contribute to the adsorption of the enhanced contaminants. The structure-activity relationship and the adsorption behavior between the ISHB and doxycycline (DOX) were explored. The loaded iron improved the adsorption capacity of ISHB from 51.65 to 78.93 mg g(-1) at 20 degrees C with an initial DOX concentration of 60 mg L-1. As Cu(II) exists in the DOX solution, the adsorption of DOX is inhibited to 50.06 mg g(-1) due to the site competition between DOX and Cu(II). Nevertheless, the adsorption of Cu(II) is promoted, which can be explained by the complexation between DOX and Cu(II).
关键词 ：
Cu(II) Cu(II) Doxycycline Doxycycline Hydrothermal biochar Hydrothermal biochar Iron modified Iron modified Sewage sludge Sewage sludge
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Xiaohui , Liu, Yitao , Wei, Jia et al. Enhanced removal of doxycycline by iron modified sludge derived hydrothermal biochar: adsorption properties and the effect of Cu(II) coexisting [J]. | DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT , 2021 , 229 : 145-152 . |
| MLA | Liu, Xiaohui et al. "Enhanced removal of doxycycline by iron modified sludge derived hydrothermal biochar: adsorption properties and the effect of Cu(II) coexisting" . | DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 229 (2021) : 145-152 . |
| APA | Liu, Xiaohui , Liu, Yitao , Wei, Jia , Zhu, Yuhan , Zhang, Yifei , Xing, Luyi et al. Enhanced removal of doxycycline by iron modified sludge derived hydrothermal biochar: adsorption properties and the effect of Cu(II) coexisting . | DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT , 2021 , 229 , 145-152 . |
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摘要 ：
By the end of February 2021, COVID-19 had spread to over 230 countries, with more than 100 million confirmed cases and 2.5 million deaths. To control infection spread with the least disruption to economic and societal activities, it is crucial to implement the various interventions effectively. In this study, we developed an agentbased SEIR model, using real demographic and geographic data from Hong Kong, to analyse the efficiency of various intervention strategies in preventing infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Close contact route including short-range airborne is considered as the main transmission routes for COVID-19 spread. Contact tracing is not that useful if all other interventions have been fully deployed. The number of infected individuals could be halved if people reduced their close contact rate by 25%. For reducing transmission, students should be prioritized for vaccination rather than retired older people and preschool aged children. Home isolation, and taking the nucleic acid test (NAT) as soon as possible after symptom onset, are much more effective interventions than wearing masks in public places. Temperature screening in public places only disrupted the infection spread by a small amount when other interventions have been fully implemented. Our results may be useful for other highly populated cities, when choosing their intervention strategies to prevent outbreaks of COVID-19 and similar diseases.
关键词 ：
Close contact Close contact COVID-19 COVID-19 Mask Mask SEIR model SEIR model Temperature screening Temperature screening Vaccine Vaccine
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Nan , Chan, Pak-To Jack , Jia, Wei et al. Analysis of efficacy of intervention strategies for COVID-19 transmission: A case study of Hong Kong [J]. | ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL , 2021 , 156 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Nan et al. "Analysis of efficacy of intervention strategies for COVID-19 transmission: A case study of Hong Kong" . | ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 156 (2021) . |
| APA | Zhang, Nan , Chan, Pak-To Jack , Jia, Wei , Dung, Chung-Hin , Zhao, Pengcheng , Lei, Hao et al. Analysis of efficacy of intervention strategies for COVID-19 transmission: A case study of Hong Kong . | ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL , 2021 , 156 . |
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摘要 ：
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory disease that has become a global pandemic. Close contact plays an important role in infection spread, while fomite may also be a possible transmission route. Research during the COVID-19 pandemic has identified long-range airborne transmission as one of the important transmission routes although lack solid evidence. Methods: We examined video data related to a restaurant associated COVID-19 outbreak in Guangzhou. We observed more than 40,000 surface touches and 13,00 0 episodes of close contacts in the restaurant during the entire lunch duration. These data allowed us to analyse infection risk via both the fomite and close contact routes. Results: There is no significant correlation between the infection risk via both fomite and close contact routes among those who were not family members of the index case. We can thus rule out virus transmission via fomite contact and interpersonal close contact routes in the Guangzhou restaurant outbreak. The absence of a fomite route agrees with the COVID-19 literature. Conclusions: These results provide indirect evidence for the long-range airborne route dominating SARSCoV-2 transmission in the restaurant. We note that the restaurant was poorly ventilated, allowing for increasing airborne SARS-CoV-2 concentration. (C) 2021 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词 ：
Airborne Airborne Close contact Close contact Covid-19 Covid-19 Fomite Fomite Human behavior Human behavior
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Nan , Chen, Xuguang , Jia, Wei et al. Y Evidence for lack of transmission by close contact and surface touch in a restaurant outbreak of COVID-19 [J]. | JOURNAL OF INFECTION , 2021 , 83 (2) : 207-216 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Nan et al. "Y Evidence for lack of transmission by close contact and surface touch in a restaurant outbreak of COVID-19" . | JOURNAL OF INFECTION 83 . 2 (2021) : 207-216 . |
| APA | Zhang, Nan , Chen, Xuguang , Jia, Wei , Jin, Tianyi , Xiao, Shenglan , Chen, Wenzhao et al. Y Evidence for lack of transmission by close contact and surface touch in a restaurant outbreak of COVID-19 . | JOURNAL OF INFECTION , 2021 , 83 (2) , 207-216 . |
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摘要 ：
Fomites can transmit some infectious diseases. Human touch behaviors are known to affect virus transmission in buildings. Using video cameras in a graduate student office, we collected more than 98,000 touch actions from 14 h of high-resolution video data of surfaces touched by fingers, palms, and backs of hands. Based on the collected data, we simulated infection spread via the fomite route. 90% of touches to mucous membranes are by fingers (70% by fingers of the nondominant hand; 20% by fingers of the dominant hand). 3% of the virus released into the atmosphere by those infected was transmitted to other students' hands, personal-use surfaces, and public surfaces. Public surfaces are responsible for 53% of virus transmission due to surface touch to susceptible students. 65% of the virus transmitted to the mucous membranes, is by nondominant hands. 93% of virus intake via mucous membranes of the susceptible was from fingers. Door handles and mobile phones transferred the most viral loads to hands of the susceptible. Total virus exposure due to touching has no significant relationship with the duration of being indoors, but human behavior does. Behavior-related intervention strategies are much more efficient than other strategies such as public surface disinfection. If we never touch other's personal surfaces, we would reduce our exposure to the virus by 80%.
关键词 ：
Fomite Fomite Human behavior Human behavior Infection spread Infection spread Mucous membrane Mucous membrane Pathogen Pathogen Public surface Public surface
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Nan , Wang, Peihua , Miao, Te et al. Real human surface touch behavior based quantitative analysis on infection spread via fomite route in an office [J]. | BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT , 2021 , 191 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Nan et al. "Real human surface touch behavior based quantitative analysis on infection spread via fomite route in an office" . | BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT 191 (2021) . |
| APA | Zhang, Nan , Wang, Peihua , Miao, Te , Chan, Pak-To , Jia, Wei , Zhao, Pengcheng et al. Real human surface touch behavior based quantitative analysis on infection spread via fomite route in an office . | BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT , 2021 , 191 . |
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摘要 ：
This study investigated the effects of denitrification sludge EPS enhanced (DS-EPSCN) by a fluctuating carbon and nitrogen ratio (C/N) cultivation strategy on the properties of Anammox granules under extreme acid or alkaline shock. The results showed that the DS-EPSCN significantly improved the nitrogen removal performance of low-density Anammox granular sludge (Granules-L) and high-density Anammox granular sludge (Granules-H) under extreme acid shock (pH 5.0). The contents of high-molecular-weight substances (such as aromatic proteins and polysaccharides) in the DS-EPSCN rose markedly, contributing to a substantial increase in the flocculation efficiency under acidic conditions and increasing the granule stability. In addition, abundant amounts of N-butyryl-dl-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) and N-hexanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) in the DS-EPSCN promoted the granule activity. However, under extreme alkaline shock (pH 10.5), the flocculation efficiency of the DS-EPSCN was poor, and the addition of DS-EPSCN had no influence on the stability of the granules but improved the activity of the Granules-H. The reason was that the release mechanism of the endogenous acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) signals in the Granules-H was activated by the exogenous C4-HSL and C6-HSL in the DS-EPSCN under alkaline conditions, leading to increased Granules-H activity. This research provides a novel approach to enhance the resistance of Anammox granular sludge to extreme pH shock.
关键词 ：
Anammox granule Anammox granule Denitrification sludge EPS Denitrification sludge EPS Extreme pH shock Extreme pH shock N-acylated-l-homoserine lactones (AHLs) N-acylated-l-homoserine lactones (AHLs)
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang Jing , Peng Yong-Zhen , Zhang Lin-Hua et al. Improving the resistance of Anammox granules to extreme pH shock: The effects of denitrification sludge EPS enhanced by a fluctuating C/N ratio cultivation on granules. [J]. | The Science of the total environment , 2021 , 763 : 144610 . |
| MLA | Zhang Jing et al. "Improving the resistance of Anammox granules to extreme pH shock: The effects of denitrification sludge EPS enhanced by a fluctuating C/N ratio cultivation on granules." . | The Science of the total environment 763 (2021) : 144610 . |
| APA | Zhang Jing , Peng Yong-Zhen , Zhang Lin-Hua , Li Jun , Wei Jia , Zheng Zhao-Ming et al. Improving the resistance of Anammox granules to extreme pH shock: The effects of denitrification sludge EPS enhanced by a fluctuating C/N ratio cultivation on granules. . | The Science of the total environment , 2021 , 763 , 144610 . |
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摘要 ：
COVID-19 threatens the world. Social distancing is a significant factor in determining the spread of this disease, and social distancing is strongly affected by the local travel behaviour of people in large cities. In this study, we analysed the changes in the local travel behaviour of various population groups in Hong Kong, between 1 January and 31 March 2020, by using second-by-second smartcard data obtained from the Mass Transit Railway Corporation (MTRC) system. Due to the pandemic, local travel volume decreased by 43%, 49% and 59% during weekdays, Saturdays and Sundays, respectively. The local travel volumes of adults, children, students and senior citizens decreased by 42%, 86%, 73% and 48%, respectively. The local travel behaviour changes for adults and seniors between non-pandemic and pandemic times were greater than those between weekdays and weekends. The opposite was true for children and students. During the pandemic, the daily commute flow decreased by 42%. Local trips to shopping areas, amusement areas and borders decreased by 42%, 81% and 99%, respectively. The effective reproduction number (R t ) of COVID-19 had the strongest association with daily population use of the MTR 7-8 days earlier.
关键词 ：
COVID-19 COVID-19 Effective reproduction number Effective reproduction number Human behaviour Human behaviour Local travel behaviour Local travel behaviour Public transport Public transport Subway Subway
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang Nan , Jia Wei , Wang Peihua et al. Changes in local travel behaviour before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. [J]. | Cities , 2021 , 112 : 103139 . |
| MLA | Zhang Nan et al. "Changes in local travel behaviour before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong." . | Cities 112 (2021) : 103139 . |
| APA | Zhang Nan , Jia Wei , Wang Peihua , Dung Chung-Hin , Zhao Pengcheng , Leung Kathy et al. Changes in local travel behaviour before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. . | Cities , 2021 , 112 , 103139 . |
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摘要 ：
In the process of water treatment, excessive nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants are of great concern. Therefore, we prepared nanoscale zerovalent iron loaded on sediment-based biochar (nZVI-SBC) to conduct nitrate and phosphate removal at the same time. The characterization demonstrated that nZVI-SBC was successfully synthesized, which had obvious advantages for larger specific surface area and better dispersion compared with pure nZVI. The batch experiments indicated that the best loading ratio of nZVI to SBC and optimum dosage for nitrate and phosphate were 1:1and 2 g L-1, respectively. Their removal by nZVI-SBC was an acid-driven process. Anoxic environment was more conducive to the reduction of nitrate while the phosphate removal was fond of oxygen environment. A total of 77.78% of nitrate and 99.21% of phosphate have been successfully removed, mainly depending on reduction and complexation mechanism, respectively. Moreover, nZVI-SBC had higher N2 selectivity and produced less ammonium than nZVI. The interaction between nitrate and phosphate was studied to manifest that they had different degrees of inhibition during the removal of the other. Our research indicated that nZVI-SBC has great potential for remediation of nitrogen and phosphorus polluted water.
关键词 ：
Nanoscale zerovalent iron Nanoscale zerovalent iron Nitrate Nitrate Phosphate Phosphate Sediment-based biochar Sediment-based biochar Simultaneous removal Simultaneous removal
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu Xiaohui , Wei Jia , Hou Liangang et al. Feasibility of nanoscale zerovalent iron-loaded sediment-based biochar (nZVI-SBC) for simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate: high selectivity toward dinitrogen and synergistic mechanism. [J]. | Environmental science and pollution research international , 2021 . |
| MLA | Liu Xiaohui et al. "Feasibility of nanoscale zerovalent iron-loaded sediment-based biochar (nZVI-SBC) for simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate: high selectivity toward dinitrogen and synergistic mechanism." . | Environmental science and pollution research international (2021) . |
| APA | Liu Xiaohui , Wei Jia , Hou Liangang , Zhu Yuhan , Wu Yaodong , Xing Luyi et al. Feasibility of nanoscale zerovalent iron-loaded sediment-based biochar (nZVI-SBC) for simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate: high selectivity toward dinitrogen and synergistic mechanism. . | Environmental science and pollution research international , 2021 . |
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摘要 ：
环境持久性自由基(Environmental Persistent Free Radicals, EPFRs)是一种新型且具有潜在环境风险的物质。与短寿命自由基相比,其具有较强的环境持久性,可以在介质中长期存在,甚至不消失。它可以破坏人体的正常细胞,诱发DNA突变,导致肺功能障碍,加快人体衰老速度,提高患病的几率。同时,含有EPFRs的活性物质还可能对污染物有直接或间接的降解作用。目前对于EPFRs的研究尚处于起步阶段。本文讲述了EPFRs的形成机制、测试方法、半衰期、存在介质、影响因素以及催化降解作用,重点论述了判定EPFRs类型的方法以及其形成路径——前驱体分子与过渡金属之间的电子得失,其次论述了环境持久性自由基在固体、液体和气体介质中均存在,最后展望了EPFRs的研究前景,包括反应条件对EPFRs产量和类型的影响以及EPFRs对有机或无机污染物转化的影响。
关键词 ：
环境持久性自由基 环境持久性自由基 影响因素 影响因素 催化降解 催化降解 形成机制 形成机制 存在介质 存在介质
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| GB/T 7714 | 朱雨寒 , 魏佳 , 刘晓慧 et al. 环境持久性自由基的特征及环境化学行为研究进展 [J]. | 化学工程与技术 , 2020 , 10 (6) : 462-475 . |
| MLA | 朱雨寒 et al. "环境持久性自由基的特征及环境化学行为研究进展" . | 化学工程与技术 10 . 6 (2020) : 462-475 . |
| APA | 朱雨寒 , 魏佳 , 刘晓慧 , 刘亦陶 , 李军 . 环境持久性自由基的特征及环境化学行为研究进展 . | 化学工程与技术 , 2020 , 10 (6) , 462-475 . |
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摘要 ：
为了提高硝化菌和反硝化菌在沸石表面的附着性能,达到高效处理初期屋面雨水中氨氮及延长挂膜沸石使用寿命的目的,进行了酰基高丝氨酸内脂类信号分子(AHLs)强化沸石挂膜实验研究.实验结果表明:添加2. 0μmol/L C12-HSL能够显著提高硝化菌WGX5、WGX13在沸石表面的附着能力,使其生物附着量分别提高了89%和94%,但是对反硝化菌HF2、HF8的附着能力提高幅度有限.调控碳氮比为4时投加2. 0μmol/L C12-HSL不仅可以提高硝化菌WGX5、WGX13的附着能力,也可显著提高反硝化菌HF2和HF8的附着性能,使HF2和HF8的生物附着量相比碳氮比为2、投加2. 0μmol/L ...
关键词 ：
初期屋面雨水 初期屋面雨水 原位再生 原位再生 生物附着 生物附着 挂膜沸石 挂膜沸石 信号分子 信号分子 氨氮去除 氨氮去除
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| GB/T 7714 | 张晶 , 魏佳 , 张凯 et al. 信号分子强化挂膜沸石去除屋面雨水中氨氮的实验研究 [J]. | 北京工业大学学报 , 2020 , 46 (04) : 338-345 . |
| MLA | 张晶 et al. "信号分子强化挂膜沸石去除屋面雨水中氨氮的实验研究" . | 北京工业大学学报 46 . 04 (2020) : 338-345 . |
| APA | 张晶 , 魏佳 , 张凯 , 周荣煊 , 韩浩 , 王佳 et al. 信号分子强化挂膜沸石去除屋面雨水中氨氮的实验研究 . | 北京工业大学学报 , 2020 , 46 (04) , 338-345 . |
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摘要 ：
Scattering sensitivity of waves to surface roughness has been widely observed in many fields. Some series approximations for rough surface scattering, such as the general Born, the splitting, and the preconditioned splitting series, are presented for a numerical description of rough surface scattering by multiscale surfaces. In fact, the splitting series approximation is a specific form of the preconditioned splitting series. Numerical tests with several benchmark models are compared with the full-waveform numerical solution and the general Born series approximation to investigate the range of validity of the splitting and the preconditioned splitting series approximations. The splitting and the preconditioned splitting series approximations to multiscale surfaces are not subject to the strict limit applied to the general Born series approximation. Each order of the splitting series represents an increase of multiple scatterings between surface points. Therefore, higher-order splitting series approximation accounts for stronger surface scattering. A suitable preconditioned splitting and the splitting series approximations improve the general Born series approximation for the convergence of high-incident angle scattering, and, therefore, become realistic methods for multiscale surfaces with infinite gradients and extremely large surface heights. This series approximation mathematically provides a unified framework for rough surface scattering, which contains Born or Rytov series approximation as specific cases.
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| GB/T 7714 | Wei, Jia , Ge, Zengxi , Rong, Mianshui et al. Preconditioned Splitting Series Approximation for 2D Rough Surface Scattering [J]. | BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA , 2020 , 110 (3) : 1149-1161 . |
| MLA | Wei, Jia et al. "Preconditioned Splitting Series Approximation for 2D Rough Surface Scattering" . | BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 110 . 3 (2020) : 1149-1161 . |
| APA | Wei, Jia , Ge, Zengxi , Rong, Mianshui , Ba, Zhenning . Preconditioned Splitting Series Approximation for 2D Rough Surface Scattering . | BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA , 2020 , 110 (3) , 1149-1161 . |
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