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摘要 ：
典型废旧复合材料循环系统综合绩效评价与政策模拟
关键词 ：
循环经济 循环经济 循环系统 循环系统 综合绩效 综合绩效 情景假设 情景假设 废旧复合材料 废旧复合材料
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| GB/T 7714 | 潘德安 , 王腾起 , 顾一帆 et al. 典型废旧复合材料循环系统综合绩效评价与政策模拟 [J]. | 潘德安 , 2021 , 49 (5) : 21-28 . |
| MLA | 潘德安 et al. "典型废旧复合材料循环系统综合绩效评价与政策模拟" . | 潘德安 49 . 5 (2021) : 21-28 . |
| APA | 潘德安 , 王腾起 , 顾一帆 , 杨名 , 虞璐 , 环境保护 . 典型废旧复合材料循环系统综合绩效评价与政策模拟 . | 潘德安 , 2021 , 49 (5) , 21-28 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
现有废旧复合材料循环技术良莠不齐,已成为制约我国循环经济高质量发展的重要瓶颈.因废旧复合材料蕴含的有价资源种类复杂,开发利用工艺路线存在多样性的特征,亟须对各类技术的综合绩效进行对比分析,研究优势技术对循环系统整体绩效的影响效果.本文拟以废线路板开发利用为例,构建循环技术综合绩效与循环系统综合绩效两层级评价模型,研究我国政策发展方向对废旧复合材料循环系统的影响效果.结果表明:连续热解技术最优,可比目前应用最广的物理分选技术多创造约1212元/吨的综合绩效,但目前循环系统综合绩效仅达到最优水平的9.2％.本文集成我国优势策略,构建多类政策情景,发现对现有技术升级或提高热解技术在市场中的占比分别可创造约1.1亿元/年或0.9亿元/年的循环系统综合绩效提升空间.为此亟须进一步推进相关政策改革,从完善循环经济评价体系、加快高绩效技术推广应用、促进循环技术升级等多角度引导废旧复合材料循环系统绿色高质量发展.
关键词 ：
综合绩效 综合绩效 废旧复合材料 废旧复合材料 情景假设 情景假设 循环经济 循环经济 循环系统 循环系统
引用：
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| GB/T 7714 | 潘德安 , 王腾起 , 顾一帆 et al. 典型废旧复合材料循环系统综合绩效评价与政策模拟 [J]. | 环境保护 , 2021 , 49 (5) : 21-28 . |
| MLA | 潘德安 et al. "典型废旧复合材料循环系统综合绩效评价与政策模拟" . | 环境保护 49 . 5 (2021) : 21-28 . |
| APA | 潘德安 , 王腾起 , 顾一帆 , 杨名 , 虞璐 . 典型废旧复合材料循环系统综合绩效评价与政策模拟 . | 环境保护 , 2021 , 49 (5) , 21-28 . |
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摘要 ：
一种从含溴粗盐中回收高纯溴化钠的方法，属于废线路板处理过程中溴的资源化回收领域，特别涉及从含溴粗盐中回收高纯溴化钠的方法。主要包括酸化氧化、多级萃取、协同反萃等步骤。与传统氯气氧化、单一尿素反萃技术相比，通过合理调节盐酸和氯酸钠的加入量有效控制酸化氧化过程，且对尾气进行吸收回用，避免了二次污染和资源浪费，同时采用尿素和碳酸钠进行协同反萃，实现了高反萃率，并且大大减少了尿素的用量，得到了高纯度的溴化钠晶体，实现了含溴粗盐中溴资源的高效回收。本发明具有产品纯度高、操作简单、环境友好等特点。
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| GB/T 7714 | 潘德安 , 李冠军 . 一种从含溴粗盐中回收高纯溴化钠的方法 : CN202110120746.6[P]. | 2021-01-28 . |
| MLA | 潘德安 et al. "一种从含溴粗盐中回收高纯溴化钠的方法" : CN202110120746.6. | 2021-01-28 . |
| APA | 潘德安 , 李冠军 . 一种从含溴粗盐中回收高纯溴化钠的方法 : CN202110120746.6. | 2021-01-28 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
随着经济快速发展,城市化进程不断加快,固废数量持续增长,固废资源化问题受到广泛关注.由于固废资源化技术工艺众多,且具有资源能源节约、环境保护和经济效益等多重属性,其评价方法已成为当下研究的热点.能源-环境-经济(3E)评价此前已被广泛应用于能源、环境、经济的可持续发展研究,可对3E综合绩效进行统筹量化评估,与固废资源化具有相似的属性定位,已逐渐应用到固废资源化的绩效评估中.近年来,已有部分学者采用3E评价方法对固废资源化技术的综合绩效进行分析,然而,固废资源化技术与生产制造等正向供应链技术不同,固废资源化过程受到上游不同原材料的影响较大,且固废原材料组分复杂,导致污染物排放种类众多,回收利用过程的物质产出同时涉及资源、能源、污染物等诸多方面.传统的3E评价存在视角未涉及全生命周期过程、指标难以适配固废资源化技术等问题,已难以适用于固废资源化技术工艺综合绩效的评价与优化.在现有面向固废资源化的3E评价指标研究中,有学者将发电量、产热量、产气量等指标纳入再生能源指标中,但针对再生资源产出等指标尚未涉及;此外,针对单一过程的单一环境指标难以满足固废资源化评价多过程、多指标的要求,将生命周期评价方法作为环境指标选取的依据是今后重要的研究方向;在经济指标的研究中,固废资源化技术带来的环保税抵扣、减免和政策补贴等经济因素有待进一步研究.在评价方法的研究中,目前多采用与主客观赋权方法相结合的多属性决策方法以降低权重带来的主观影响,通过改进优化算法的多目标优化方法与多属性决策相结合,为技术工艺的择选与优化提供理论支撑.本文阐明了固废资源化与3E评价之间的关系,基于大样本筛选出的119篇SCI论文,分析3E评价研究视角、指标体系及评价方法的设计思路,探索固废资源化过程与3E评价相结合的可行性,提出固废资源化多维绩效评价的发展展望,以期为固废资源化评价工作提供新思路.
引用：
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| GB/T 7714 | 杨名 , 顾一帆 , 吴玉锋 et al. 面向固废资源化的能源-环境-经济综合绩效评价研究进展 [J]. | 材料导报 , 2021 , 35 (17) : 17103-17110,17124 . |
| MLA | 杨名 et al. "面向固废资源化的能源-环境-经济综合绩效评价研究进展" . | 材料导报 35 . 17 (2021) : 17103-17110,17124 . |
| APA | 杨名 , 顾一帆 , 吴玉锋 , 潘德安 , 龚裕 . 面向固废资源化的能源-环境-经济综合绩效评价研究进展 . | 材料导报 , 2021 , 35 (17) , 17103-17110,17124 . |
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摘要 ：
This study developed an efficient and sustainable hydrometallurgical process for the enrichment of gold and silver and the stepwise separation of copper, zinc, and lead from sulfated roasted sand of waste printed circuit board smelting ash. Selective separation of copper and zinc was achieved by water leaching, and silver dispersion was reduced by controlling the amount of NaCl added during the leaching process. The results of the water leaching showed that the copper and zinc leaching rates were 99.85% and 99.47%, respectively, whereas the loss rate of silver was 2.1% with optimal leaching parameters. The high-chloride-complex method was used to study the efficient conversion and separation of lead from the leached residue, and the leaching kinetics and conversion mechanism of lead were discussed. The results showed that under the optimal conditions, the leaching rate of lead was 99.79%. Leaching kinetics analysis showed that lead leaching in the high - chlorine system was controlled by a chemical reaction; the apparent activation energy was 53.63 kJ/mol. After the leaching of copper, zinc, and lead, 1.66% Ag and 213 g/t Au were enriched in the leached residue; and the precious metal enrichment goal was reached. The chlorinated leachate showed good recycling performance, and a lead leaching rate of 97.93% was obtained after three circulations. After cooling, crystallization, and purification, lead chloride with a purity of 99.89% and high economic and industrial value was obtained from the lead-rich leachate. This process has favorable and sustainable industrial application prospects.
关键词 ：
High-chloride leaching High-chloride leaching Hydrometallurgical process Hydrometallurgical process Recycle valuable elements Recycle valuable elements Roasted sand Roasted sand Water leaching Water leaching
引用：
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Gongqi , Pan, De'an , Wu, Yufeng et al. An integrated and sustainable hydrometallurgical process for enrichment of precious metals and selective separation of copper, zinc, and lead from a roasted sand [J]. | WASTE MANAGEMENT , 2021 , 132 : 133-141 . |
| MLA | Liu, Gongqi et al. "An integrated and sustainable hydrometallurgical process for enrichment of precious metals and selective separation of copper, zinc, and lead from a roasted sand" . | WASTE MANAGEMENT 132 (2021) : 133-141 . |
| APA | Liu, Gongqi , Pan, De'an , Wu, Yufeng , Yuan, Haoran , Yu, Lu , Wang, Wei . An integrated and sustainable hydrometallurgical process for enrichment of precious metals and selective separation of copper, zinc, and lead from a roasted sand . | WASTE MANAGEMENT , 2021 , 132 , 133-141 . |
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摘要 ：
As the biggest generator and consumer of household electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) in the world, China generates a large amount of printed circuit board (PCB) resin waste during the production and scrap disposal processes of household EEE each year, yet the precise estimation of the PCB resin waste generation in China is still to be determined. In this paper, the stock-based model is applied to forecast the future generation and sources of PCB resin waste in China. Eight major types of EEE are included to calculate the generation of PCB resin waste from 1998 to 2035. Results show that there will be more than 19.67 billion EEE scrapped during the research period, and about 12.97–13.43 million tonnes of PCB resin waste will generated from the production and scrap disposal processes of EEE. Waste air conditioner, TV set, and washing machine are the major contributors of PCB resin waste. At least 568.27 thousand tonnes of PCB resin waste will be produced in 2035, accompanied by over 231.09 thousand tonnes copper and 333.55 tonnes gold. It is also found that the generation of PCB resin waste is affected by lifestyle, technological level and population policy. This study provides a reliable tool to predict the generation of PCB resin waste and other waste generated from WEEE, and offers suggestions for policy design on waste management. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
关键词 ：
Air conditioning Air conditioning Electronic equipment Electronic equipment Electronics industry Electronics industry Forecasting Forecasting Printed circuit boards Printed circuit boards Resins Resins Timing circuits Timing circuits Waste disposal Waste disposal
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Shuhao , Gu, Yifan , Tang, Aijun et al. Forecast of future yield for printed circuit board resin waste generated from major household electrical and electronic equipment in China [J]. | Journal of Cleaner Production , 2021 , 283 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Shuhao et al. "Forecast of future yield for printed circuit board resin waste generated from major household electrical and electronic equipment in China" . | Journal of Cleaner Production 283 (2021) . |
| APA | Zhang, Shuhao , Gu, Yifan , Tang, Aijun , Li, Bohan , Li, Bin , Pan, Dean et al. Forecast of future yield for printed circuit board resin waste generated from major household electrical and electronic equipment in China . | Journal of Cleaner Production , 2021 , 283 . |
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摘要 ：
Waste slag (WS) derived from the pyrometallurgical process of waste lead-acid battery (LAB) is becoming a potential contributor to environmental pollution. Therefore, WS treatment or disposal should be considered an integral part of waste LAB treatment systems to comprehensively analyze the sustainability of secondary lead industry. Given that emergy analysis (EmA) can evaluate all forms of energy, materials, and human services on a common basis by converting them into equivalents of one form of energy, our study proposes an emergy-based approach and several improved indicators. Unlike traditional emergy indicators, the output emergy and waste emergy in our approach were added into an improved emergy indicators. The improved indicators also converted emission impacts into equivalent emergy associated with economic activities, including the emergy of ecological services, emergy loss of affected natural resources, emergy losses associated with human health damage and land occupation. Next, four scenarios as study cases were evaluated using the proposed approach and indicators. Our study found that 1) the improved emergy indicators are more rigorous than their traditional counterparts; 2) although the reuse of WS raises the disposal costs (scenario C and scenario D), it can improve the environmental performance of waste LAB treatment systems, thereby greatly improving system sustainability; finally, the proposed approach can help policy-makers make decisions and guide enterprises to improve the overall performance of waste LABs treatment systems. © 2020
关键词 ：
Economics Economics Environmental management Environmental management Laboratories Laboratories Lead acid batteries Lead acid batteries Pyrometallurgy Pyrometallurgy Slags Slags Sustainable development Sustainable development Waste disposal Waste disposal Waste treatment Waste treatment
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Wei , He, Yi , Wu, Yufeng et al. Impact of waste slag reuse on the sustainability of the secondary lead industry evaluated from an emergy perspective [J]. | Resources, Conservation and Recycling , 2021 , 167 . |
| MLA | Wang, Wei et al. "Impact of waste slag reuse on the sustainability of the secondary lead industry evaluated from an emergy perspective" . | Resources, Conservation and Recycling 167 (2021) . |
| APA | Wang, Wei , He, Yi , Wu, Yufeng , Pan, Dean . Impact of waste slag reuse on the sustainability of the secondary lead industry evaluated from an emergy perspective . | Resources, Conservation and Recycling , 2021 , 167 . |
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摘要 ：
为促进相关单位对《废铅蓄电池处理污染控制技术规范》(HJ 519-2020)中各条款的准确理解和执行,梳理了我国废铅蓄电池处理行业的污染排放现状,回顾了标准的编制历程,并结合2009版技术规范进行了比较和解读.新版技术规范的实施将推动再生铅企业开展技术改造,进一步提高涉铅危废污染防治水平,实现产业结构调整和优化升级.
关键词 ：
回收处理 回收处理 废铅蓄电池 废铅蓄电池 排放监测 排放监测 政策解读 政策解读 污染控制 污染控制
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| GB/T 7714 | 何艺 , 王维 , 丁鹤 et al. 《废铅蓄电池处理污染控制技术规范》(HJ 519-2020)解读及实施建议 [J]. | 环境工程学报 , 2021 , 15 (6) : 2018-2026 . |
| MLA | 何艺 et al. "《废铅蓄电池处理污染控制技术规范》(HJ 519-2020)解读及实施建议" . | 环境工程学报 15 . 6 (2021) : 2018-2026 . |
| APA | 何艺 , 王维 , 丁鹤 , 吴玉锋 , 潘德安 , 胡华龙 . 《废铅蓄电池处理污染控制技术规范》(HJ 519-2020)解读及实施建议 . | 环境工程学报 , 2021 , 15 (6) , 2018-2026 . |
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摘要 ：
The waste printed circuit board smelting ash (WPCB-SA) produced in the waste printed circuit board smelting process is a hazardous material that not only contains valuable metals, but also contains a large amount of toxic and harmful inorganic bromides. The utilization of metals has received considerable attention in previous studies, but the recovery of hazardous bromides requires further study. In this article, a new idea of converting inorganic bromine in WPCB-SA by traditional sulfated roasting is proposed. Debromination kinetics under simulated experimental conditions are discussed, and kinetic equations are established. The kinetic results show that during low-temperature sulfated roasting, the conversion of Br in CuBr and PbBr2 conforms to the chemical reaction diffusion model and diffusion control the product layer model, respectively. A possible reaction mechanism is also proposed. Our research shows that the conversion of Br in CuBr is divided into three processes: covalent bond decomposition, hydrogen ion form acid, copper ion form salt, and HBr oxidation conversion, whereas the conversion of Br in PbBr2 is divided into two processes: sulfuric acid ionization, lead ion form salt and HBr oxidation conversion. This work provides the theoretical basis for the improvement and application of inorganic bromide recovery technology in WPCB-SA. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
关键词 ：
Bromine Bromine Calcination Calcination Copper compounds Copper compounds Electric network analysis Electric network analysis Hazardous materials Hazardous materials Hazards Hazards Integral equations Integral equations Kinetics Kinetics Lead compounds Lead compounds Metal ions Metal ions Metal recovery Metal recovery Printed circuit boards Printed circuit boards Smelting Smelting Temperature Temperature Timing circuits Timing circuits
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| GB/T 7714 | Wu, Yufeng , Liu, Gongqi , Pan, De'an et al. A new mechanism and kinetic analysis for the efficient conversion of inorganic bromide in waste printed circuit board smelting ash via traditional sulfated roasting [J]. | Journal of Hazardous Materials , 2021 , 413 . |
| MLA | Wu, Yufeng et al. "A new mechanism and kinetic analysis for the efficient conversion of inorganic bromide in waste printed circuit board smelting ash via traditional sulfated roasting" . | Journal of Hazardous Materials 413 (2021) . |
| APA | Wu, Yufeng , Liu, Gongqi , Pan, De'an , Yuan, Haoran , Li, Bin . A new mechanism and kinetic analysis for the efficient conversion of inorganic bromide in waste printed circuit board smelting ash via traditional sulfated roasting . | Journal of Hazardous Materials , 2021 , 413 . |
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摘要 ：
The rapid development of photovoltaic (PV) industry has led to increasing emissions of silicon-based solid (SIBS) waste. The discharge of these solid wastes is not only detrimental to the recovery of valuable resources, but also poses a certain threat to the environment. Although some decentralized studies had been conducted on these wastes, either metallurgical silicon slag, waste crucibles, silicon cutting wastes, or EOL photovoltaic panels, few studies had systematically analyzed the comprehensive utilization of SIBS waste from the perspective of whole PV industry. This work firstly reviews the comprehensive utilization status of SIBS waste, and then analyzes the silicon metal value chain related to PV industry. Finally, it concludes the development advantages, risks and challenges in PV industry, and puts forward a few suggestions on closed and/or opened loop recycling of SIBS waste in PV industry chain. From the perspective of entire industrial chain, systematically sorting out the comprehensive utilization of SIBS waste will provide a theoretical reference for the green and sustainable development of PV industry. © 2021
关键词 ：
Green manufacturing Green manufacturing Photovoltaic cells Photovoltaic cells Silicon Silicon Slags Slags Solid wastes Solid wastes Sustainable development Sustainable development Waste utilization Waste utilization
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| GB/T 7714 | Guo, Junwei , Liu, Xiaomin , Yu, Jiamei et al. An overview of the comprehensive utilization of silicon-based solid waste related to PV industry [J]. | Resources, Conservation and Recycling , 2021 , 169 . |
| MLA | Guo, Junwei et al. "An overview of the comprehensive utilization of silicon-based solid waste related to PV industry" . | Resources, Conservation and Recycling 169 (2021) . |
| APA | Guo, Junwei , Liu, Xiaomin , Yu, Jiamei , Xu, Chunfang , Wu, Yufeng , Pan, De'an et al. An overview of the comprehensive utilization of silicon-based solid waste related to PV industry . | Resources, Conservation and Recycling , 2021 , 169 . |
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