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摘要 ：
基于气象数据和空气质量数据,研究了2016年12月29日～2017年1月8日京津冀与长三角地区一次大范围重度污染过程的特征及成因.结果表明,均压场、低边界层高度、静小风是本次重污染过程的主要气象特征,重污染过程的结束得益于后期气压梯度变大,水平扩散条件转好.此外,基于WRF-CMAQ(气象研究与预报建模系统及区域多尺度空气质量模型)模式情景分析法评价了区域传输和局地累积对本次重污染过程的作用,分析显示重污染前期当中东部地区受南风控制时,京津冀地区受长三角地区传输影响较大(15%～20%),长三角地区以本地贡献为主;累积阶段,长三角地区本地贡献显著下降,受到京津冀地区的贡献明显上升(20%～30...
关键词 ：
WRF-CMAQ WRF-CMAQ 京津冀 京津冀 气象要素 气象要素 重污染 重污染 长三角 长三角
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| GB/T 7714 | 陈颢元 , 王晓琦 , 程水源 et al. 京津冀和长三角地区一次重霾过程气象成因及传输特征 [J]. | 中国环境科学 , 2021 , 41 (06) : 2481-2492 . |
| MLA | 陈颢元 et al. "京津冀和长三角地区一次重霾过程气象成因及传输特征" . | 中国环境科学 41 . 06 (2021) : 2481-2492 . |
| APA | 陈颢元 , 王晓琦 , 程水源 , 关攀博 , 张智答 , 白伟超 et al. 京津冀和长三角地区一次重霾过程气象成因及传输特征 . | 中国环境科学 , 2021 , 41 (06) , 2481-2492 . |
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摘要 ：
Ammonia (NH3) discharged from agricultural activities to the atmosphere plays a crucial role in the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols. This study analyzed the temporal-spatial development of agricultural NH3 emissions from 2000 to 2018 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region and assessed the effects of reducing PM2.5 by removing agricultural NH3 using an air quality model. The results showed that the interannual agricultural NH3 emissions in the BTH region exhibited a stairs trend from 2000 to 2018, with an average of 971.63 Gg. In particular, agricultural NH3 emissions in the BTH region reached a maximum in summer when the temperature was high and were more concentrated in the southern plains compared to the northern areas. Under the reduction scenario (RS), the agricultural NH3 emissions in the BTH region in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 were reduced by 2.95%, 4.10%, 18.75%, and 10.21%, resulting in a reduction of 0.5%, 0.5%, 2.5%, and 1.2% of annual mean PM2.5 concentration, respectively, compared with the baseline scenario (BS). Furthermore, agricultural NH3 emissions contributed 12.6, 12.1, 11.9, and 11.3 mu g m(-3) to PM2.5 concentrations in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 under the zero-emission scenario (ZS), respectively. However, the contribution rates exhibited a slightly increasing trend from 20.5% in 2015 to 24.6% in 2018. These findings could provide a new understanding of agricultural NH3 emission trends and their impacts on PM2.5 concentration based on actual NH3 mitigation ratios in recent years, thereby guiding the formulation of future control strategies.
关键词 ：
Ammonia Ammonia Emission trends Emission trends PM2.5 PM2.5 Reduction effects Reduction effects
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| GB/T 7714 | Cheng, Long , Ye, Zhilan , Cheng, Shuiyuan et al. Agricultural ammonia emissions and its impact on PM2.5 concentrations in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2018 [J]. | ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION , 2021 , 291 . |
| MLA | Cheng, Long et al. "Agricultural ammonia emissions and its impact on PM2.5 concentrations in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2018" . | ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 291 (2021) . |
| APA | Cheng, Long , Ye, Zhilan , Cheng, Shuiyuan , Guo, Xiurui . Agricultural ammonia emissions and its impact on PM2.5 concentrations in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2018 . | ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION , 2021 , 291 . |
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摘要 ：
邯郸市近年来O_3污染状况越发严峻,2018年夏季(6～8月),邯郸市O_3日最大8 h平均浓度为175μg·m~(-3),超标天数达54 d,超标率59%,最高浓度达257μg·m~(-3).本研究应用WRF-CMAQ模式系统和光化学指标法对邯郸市夏季O_3生成敏感性特征进行分析.结果表明,用H_2O_2/HNO_3表征O_3生成敏感性较其他指标在理论和模拟效果方面均更合适.基于精细化的源清单和网格分辨率,CMAQ对H_2O_2和HNO_3有较好的模拟效果.对H_2O_2/HNO_3的模拟结果显示,邯郸市VOCs控制区范围逐月减少,6月协同控制区范围占比最大,7月和8月以NO_x控制区为主....
关键词 ：
WRF-CMAQ WRF-CMAQ 光化学指标 光化学指标 敏感性 敏感性 臭氧 臭氧 邯郸市 邯郸市
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| GB/T 7714 | 牛元 , 程水源 , 欧盛菊 et al. 基于光化学指标法的邯郸市臭氧生成敏感性 [J]. | 环境科学 , 2021 , 42 (06) : 2691-2698 . |
| MLA | 牛元 et al. "基于光化学指标法的邯郸市臭氧生成敏感性" . | 环境科学 42 . 06 (2021) : 2691-2698 . |
| APA | 牛元 , 程水源 , 欧盛菊 , 姚诗音 , 沈泽亚 , 关攀博 . 基于光化学指标法的邯郸市臭氧生成敏感性 . | 环境科学 , 2021 , 42 (06) , 2691-2698 . |
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摘要 ：
本文针对京津冀区域,基于传统的排放因子法建立了区域人为源VOCs物种排放清单;并基于区域卫星遥感甲醛信息和典型城市地面VOCs观测信息,开展了VOCs物种清单多维校验研究.清单计算结果表明,该区域2013、2015和2017年VOCs排放量分别为202.67、207.34和193.42万t,以烷烃(29.83%～30.72%)、不饱和烃(16.54%～17.68%)、芳香烃(27.14%～27.51%)、醛(8.75%～9.52%)、酮(8.13%～9.04%)和醇醚酯(5.13%～6.60%)为主.2013～2017年VOCs清单排量,张家口、秦皇岛和衡水小幅上升(每年1.10%～1.66%...
关键词 ：
卫星遥感 卫星遥感 地面观测 地面观测 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 清单校验 清单校验 物种清单 物种清单
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| GB/T 7714 | 王玥 , 魏巍 , 任云婷 et al. 基于卫星遥感和地面观测的人为源VOCs区域清单多维校验 [J]. | 环境科学 , 2021 , 42 (06) : 2713-2720 . |
| MLA | 王玥 et al. "基于卫星遥感和地面观测的人为源VOCs区域清单多维校验" . | 环境科学 42 . 06 (2021) : 2713-2720 . |
| APA | 王玥 , 魏巍 , 任云婷 , 王晓琦 , 陈赛赛 , 程水源 . 基于卫星遥感和地面观测的人为源VOCs区域清单多维校验 . | 环境科学 , 2021 , 42 (06) , 2713-2720 . |
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摘要 ：
This study conducted a VOCs monitoring campaign in Jul and Oct of 2018, Jan and Apr of 2019 in Beijing urban area, to explore the atmospheric oxidation capacity and its impact on PM2.5 there through investigating the chemical behaviors of VOCs at a 1-h time resolution. We totally detected 53 VOCs in the atmosphere over Beijing, sum of them (TVOCs) reaching 29.0 ± 12.9, 47.6 ± 29.4, 45.7 ± 56.4 and 35.8 ± 19.3 ppb (mol/mol) in Jul, Oct, Jan and Apr respectively. The gap between VOCs and CO diurnal amplitudes presented the trend of Jul > Oct and Apr > Jan, which implies the more chemical loss of VOCs in non-winter seasons compared to winter. Then, according to the notable difference in OH- and O3- reactivity of various VOCs, hourly OH exposure ([OH]Δt), O3 exposure ([O3]Δt) and OH concentration were estimated. In result, in Jul, Oct, Jan and Apr, the daily [OH]Δt was 10.39 ± 4.95, 11.10 ± 6.01, 6.39 ± 3.74 and 8.96 ± 5.05 × 1010 molecules·s·cm−3, the nighttime [O3]Δt was 9.43 ± 2.83, 5.22 ± 3.62, 5.79 ± 3.65 and 8.60 ± 4.74 × 1015 molecules·s·cm−3, and the daily OH was 9.76 ± 5.17, 5.11 ± 2.98, 2.95 ± 2.18 and 6.26 ± 3.18 × 106 molecules·cm−3, in respective. The OH peak magnitudes agreed well with the OH measured in-site, which indicates the reliability of our estimates on the oxidation capacity of atmosphere over Beijing. During our studied periods, [OH]Δt, OH and atmospheric oxidability combining OH and O3 (ACO) were all positively related to PM2.5 in Jul and Apr; only [OH]Δt was positively related to PM2.5 in Oct; while [OH]Δt, OH and ACO were all negatively related to PM2.5 in Jan. The proportion of SO2 and VOCs oxidized through gaseous OH reactions was found to increase with PM2.5 increasing in non-winter seasons, but decrease with PM2.5 increasing in winter. It means that high PM2.5 concentrations are attributed more to gas-phase oxidations in non-winter seasons and potentially boosted by photochemistry in summer and spring. But, in winter high PM2.5 concentrations effectively inhibit photolysis reactions and weaken atmospheric oxidation capacity, which makes high PM2.5 less dependent on the gas-phase oxidations. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
关键词 ：
Atmospheric chemistry Atmospheric chemistry Free radicals Free radicals Gas chromatography Gas chromatography Molecules Molecules Oxidation Oxidation Volatile organic compounds Volatile organic compounds
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| GB/T 7714 | Wei, Wei , Wang, Yue , Bai, Hongxiang et al. Insights into atmospheric oxidation capacity and its impact on PM2.5 in megacity Beijing via volatile organic compounds measurements [J]. | Atmospheric Research , 2021 , 258 . |
| MLA | Wei, Wei et al. "Insights into atmospheric oxidation capacity and its impact on PM2.5 in megacity Beijing via volatile organic compounds measurements" . | Atmospheric Research 258 (2021) . |
| APA | Wei, Wei , Wang, Yue , Bai, Hongxiang , Wang, Xiaoqi , Cheng, Shuiyuan , Wang, Litao . Insights into atmospheric oxidation capacity and its impact on PM2.5 in megacity Beijing via volatile organic compounds measurements . | Atmospheric Research , 2021 , 258 . |
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摘要 ：
Estimating accurately airborne pollutant emissions source information (source strength and location) is important for achieving effective air pollution management or adequate emergency responses to accidents. Inversion method is one of the useful tools to identify the source parameters. The atmospheric dispersion scheme has been proven to be the key to determining the source inversion performance by influencing the accuracy of the dispersion models. Modifying the atmospheric dispersion scheme is an important potential method to improve the inversion performance, but this has not been studied previously. To fill this gap, a novel approach for parameter sensitivity analysis combined with an optimization method was proposed to improve the source inversion performance by optimizing empirical scheme. The dispersion coefficients σy and σz of the typical BRIGGS scheme under different atmospheric dispersion conditions were optimized and used for air pollutant dispersion and source inversion. The results showed that the prediction performance of the air pollutant concentrations was greatly improved with statistical indices |FB| and NMSE decreased by 0.22 and 2.07, respectively; FAC2 and R increased by 0.10, and 0.08, respectively. For source inversion, the results of the significance analysis suggested that the accuracy in the source strength and location parameter (x0) were both significantly improved by ∼271% (relative deviation reduced from 60.0% to 16.2%) and ∼121% (absolute deviation reduced from 27.6 to 12.5 m). The improvement of source strength inversion accuracy was more significant under unstable atmospheric conditions (stability class A, B, and C); the mean absolute relative deviation was reduced by 97.5%. These results can help to obtain more accurate source information and to provide reliable reference for air pollution managements or emergency response to accidents. This study provides a novel and versatile approach to improve estimation performance of pollutant emission sources and enhances our understanding of source inversion.
关键词 ：
Air pollutant emissions Air pollutant emissions Atmospheric dispersion coefficients Atmospheric dispersion coefficients Dispersion scheme optimization Dispersion scheme optimization Sensitivity analysis Sensitivity analysis Source inversion Source inversion
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| GB/T 7714 | Mao Shushuai , Lang Jianlei , Chen Tian et al. Improving source inversion performance of airborne pollutant emissions by modifying atmospheric dispersion scheme through sensitivity analysis combined with optimization model. [J]. | Environmental pollution , 2021 , 284 : 117186 . |
| MLA | Mao Shushuai et al. "Improving source inversion performance of airborne pollutant emissions by modifying atmospheric dispersion scheme through sensitivity analysis combined with optimization model." . | Environmental pollution 284 (2021) : 117186 . |
| APA | Mao Shushuai , Lang Jianlei , Chen Tian , Cheng Shuiyuan . Improving source inversion performance of airborne pollutant emissions by modifying atmospheric dispersion scheme through sensitivity analysis combined with optimization model. . | Environmental pollution , 2021 , 284 , 117186 . |
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摘要 ：
Rural residential coal combustion (RRCC) has detrimental effects on air quality, climate, and human health. There are large uncertainties regarding emissions from RRCC owing to the lack of consideration of several key factors (e.g. combination modes of coal and stoves, combustion modes, and high temporal resolution). In this study, we provided a new estimation framework for RRCC emissions through a case study in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China. The emission estimations were improved according to four aspects, namely (1) coal-specific and stove-specific coal consumption was calculated based on face-to-face field interviews of 6700 valid volunteers/households covering 288 villages in 50 counties; (2) the influences of combustion modes (flaming and smoldering modes) on emissions were considered; (3) emissions of different fuel-stove combinations were estimated based on coal, stove, and combustion mode-specific RRCC consumption and localised emission factors; and (4) a method for emission estimation with high temporal resolution (1 h) was developed. The results indicated that RRCC emitted 413.6 kt SO2, 55.7 kt NOx, 5717.3 kt CO, 149.4 kt VOCs, 167.1 kt PM2.5, 18.2 kt EC, 32.5 kt OC, and 8.2 kt NH3 in 2016. The combination of bituminous coal and an advanced coal stove was the most significant contributor (20.7-71.8%) to various pollutant emissions. Coal combusted under the flaming mode contributed to most (81.9%) of the total coal consumption, and thus emitted the majority (50.8-99.8%) of pollutants, except for VOCs. Meanwhile, that under the smoldering mode only accounted for 18.1% of the total consumption, but contributed 49.2% and 74.7% of the CO and VOCs emissions, respectively. Two clear emission peaks occurred at approximately 7:00-9:00 and 18:00-20:00. The detailed coal consumption and emissions with high temporal and spatial resolution can provide sound data for further research on rural environmental issues and scientific support to pollution control strategies.
关键词 ：
Advanced coal stove Advanced coal stove Coal-stove combination Coal-stove combination Combustion modes Combustion modes Emission factors Emission factors Rural coal emissions Rural coal emissions
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhou Ying , Huang Dawei , Lang Jianlei et al. Improved estimation of rural residential coal emissions considering coal-stove combinations and combustion modes. [J]. | Environmental pollution , 2021 , 272 : 115558 . |
| MLA | Zhou Ying et al. "Improved estimation of rural residential coal emissions considering coal-stove combinations and combustion modes." . | Environmental pollution 272 (2021) : 115558 . |
| APA | Zhou Ying , Huang Dawei , Lang Jianlei , Zi Teng , Chen Dongsheng , Zhang Yuying et al. Improved estimation of rural residential coal emissions considering coal-stove combinations and combustion modes. . | Environmental pollution , 2021 , 272 , 115558 . |
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摘要 ：
Ozone pollution in Handan has become severe in recent years and in the summer of 2018, the average maximum daily 8-hour average ozone concentration in Handan was 175 μg·m-3 with a maximum of 257 μg·m-3. Ozone concentrations exceeded the National Air Quality Grade Ⅱ Standard in 59% of cases. In this study, the H2O2/HNO3 indicator was applied to analyze summertime ozone sensitivity in Handan using the WRF-CMAQ modeling system. The results showed that H2O2/HNO3 was more appropriate than other ozone indicators, both theoretically and based on simulation outputs. The good simulation effect of CMAQ on H2O2 and HNO3 was attributed to fine emission inventory and grid resolution. The H2O2/HNO3 simulation results showed that the relative importance of a VOCs-limited regime decreased month by month; a VOCs-NO x -mixed-limited regime was dominant in June; and a NO x -limited regime was more dominant in July and August than in June. The remarkable spatial difference in VOCs and NO x emission ratios among the counties of Handan led to differences in ozone sensitivity. The VOCs-limited regime was concentrated in counties where VOCs/NO x emission ratios were lower than 1.7. Southern counties had a NO x -limited regime, where VOCs/NO x emission ratios were higher than 6.9. Counties with VOCs/NO x emission ratios varying from 1.7 to 6.9 were more susceptible to both VOCs and NO x . According to these results, the transition range of HCHO/NO2, O3/HNO3, and O3/NO x ratios were adjusted to 0.35-0.6, 20-35, and 10-25 respectively. Adjusting the transition range of H2O2/(O3+NO2) was not effective, indicating that this indicator may not be applicable to Handan.
关键词 ：
Handan City Handan City ozone ozone photochemical indicator photochemical indicator sensitivity sensitivity WRF-CMAQ WRF-CMAQ
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| GB/T 7714 | Niu Yuan , Cheng Shui-Yuan , Ou Sheng-Ju et al. [Applying Photochemical Indicators to Analyze Ozone Sensitivity in Handan]. [J]. | Huanjing kexue , 2021 , 42 (6) : 2691-2698 . |
| MLA | Niu Yuan et al. "[Applying Photochemical Indicators to Analyze Ozone Sensitivity in Handan]." . | Huanjing kexue 42 . 6 (2021) : 2691-2698 . |
| APA | Niu Yuan , Cheng Shui-Yuan , Ou Sheng-Ju , Yao Shi-Yin , Shen Ze-Ya , Guan Pan-Bo . [Applying Photochemical Indicators to Analyze Ozone Sensitivity in Handan]. . | Huanjing kexue , 2021 , 42 (6) , 2691-2698 . |
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摘要 ：
The air quality of Handan, a typical industrial city in China, has been significantly improved through atmospheric pollution control, except for ozone (O-3) pollution. We found that, in summer, emissions of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NOx decreased yearly in Handan, but the O-3 concentration significantly declined yearly during 2013-2015, whereas it experienced worsening O-3 pollution after 2015. Therefore, we used the Weather Research and Forecasting Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) modeling system to simulate the influence of the meteorological conditions and emission changes in Handan during the typical period (June) of O-3 pollution in 2013-2018. For benchmarked June 2013, the results showed that the reduction of the O-3 concentration in June of 2014-2016 was mainly caused by emission reduction, while in June of 2017-2018, the combined effect of changes in emissions and meteorological conditions led to aggravated O-3 pollution. Sensitivity analysis indicated that combined VOCs and NOx emission controls would effectively reduce incremental O-3 formation when the abatement ratio of VOCs/NOx should be no less than 0.84, and we found that VOCs reduction would continusouly bring about O-3 decreases under various NOx reductions, but its positive sensitivity to O-3 would become smaller with NOx reduction. However, the positive influence of NOx reduction on O-3 would happen until NOx reduction exceeding 45-60%. The findings will be helpful in formulating emission control strategies for coping with O-3 pollution in an industrial city.
关键词 ：
control strategy control strategy quantitative assessment quantitative assessment surface ozone surface ozone WRF-CMAQ model system WRF-CMAQ model system
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| GB/T 7714 | Yao, Shiyin , Wei, Wei , Cheng, Shuiyuan et al. Impacts of Meteorology and Emissions on O-3 Pollution during 2013-2018 and Corresponding Control Strategy for a Typical Industrial City of China [J]. | ATMOSPHERE , 2021 , 12 (5) . |
| MLA | Yao, Shiyin et al. "Impacts of Meteorology and Emissions on O-3 Pollution during 2013-2018 and Corresponding Control Strategy for a Typical Industrial City of China" . | ATMOSPHERE 12 . 5 (2021) . |
| APA | Yao, Shiyin , Wei, Wei , Cheng, Shuiyuan , Niu, Yuan , Guan, Panbo . Impacts of Meteorology and Emissions on O-3 Pollution during 2013-2018 and Corresponding Control Strategy for a Typical Industrial City of China . | ATMOSPHERE , 2021 , 12 (5) . |
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摘要 ：
Atmospheric fine particulate pollution has been a dramatically environmental concern in all seasons in the megacity Beijing in recent years. A long-term real-time monitoring campaign of non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) at a southeastern urban site in Beijing from July 13, 2017 to May 26, 2018 using an Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) was carried out to investigate the characteristics and evolution processes of NR-PM1 and its potential source effects. The annual average concentration of NR-PM1 during the entire study period was 40.8 μg/m3, lower than that of NR-PM1 from July 2011 to June 2012, and its seasonal variation presented the order of autumn and spring > winter > summer. The average concentration of organic species Org in the entire study was 15.1 μg/m3 and accounted for 37% of NR-PM1, being consistently a significant component of NR-PM1 in the four seasons. The average concentrations of SO42− and NO3− were 8.6 and 11.1 μg/m3, respectively, accounting for 21% and 27% of NR-PM1, and NO3− and its contribution to NR-PM1 exceeded those of SO42−, suggesting that secondary nitrate became a more dramatic pollutant. Note that SO42− in summer accounted for 27% of NR-PM1, higher than those in the other seasons, indicating that secondary sulfate formation was greatly important in summer, however, NO3− in summer accounted for 22% of NR-PM1, lower than those in the other seasons, more likely due to relatively high temperature in summer being favorable for dissociation of nitrate. NH4+ and Cl− species presented lower mass concentrations and mass fractions, and the seasonal variation of NH4+ was similar to NO3−, yet Cl− presented a typical seasonal change related to intense fossil fuel combustion during the heating period in winter and biomass burning in autumn with an order of winter > autumn > spring > summer. All aerosol species exhibited different diurnal cycles, of which Org presented a bimodal mode, SO42− and Cl− showed a flatter diurnal pattern, however, NO3− and NH4+ displayed more similar single-peak patterns. The conversion of SO2 to SO42− presented an obvious seasonal variation with summer > autumn > spring > winter driven by different factors. The conversion of NO2 to NO3− also showed a significant seasonal change characterized by autumn > summer and spring > winter controlled by different factors. Relative humidity, temperature and wind speed during the study period were significant meteorological elements influencing NR-PM1 and its species, and heavy haze pollution episodes largely occurred under high relative humidity and low wind speed. High potential source regions influencing NR-PM1 pollution in Beijing in all seasons presented dramatically distributions related to wind directions. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
关键词 ：
Aerosols Aerosols Atmospheric humidity Atmospheric humidity Chemical speciation Chemical speciation Fossil fuels Fossil fuels Nitrates Nitrates Pollution Pollution Sulfur dioxide Sulfur dioxide Urban growth Urban growth Wind Wind
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| GB/T 7714 | Han, Lihui , Yan, Haitao , Xiang, Xin et al. Characteristics, evolution, and potential source regions of submicron aerosol in Beijing, China [J]. | Atmospheric Environment , 2021 , 246 . |
| MLA | Han, Lihui et al. "Characteristics, evolution, and potential source regions of submicron aerosol in Beijing, China" . | Atmospheric Environment 246 (2021) . |
| APA | Han, Lihui , Yan, Haitao , Xiang, Xin , Liu, Xinhang , Shi, Ruifang , Wang, Haibin et al. Characteristics, evolution, and potential source regions of submicron aerosol in Beijing, China . | Atmospheric Environment , 2021 , 246 . |
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