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摘要 ：
基于气象数据和空气质量数据,研究了2016年12月29日～2017年1月8日京津冀与长三角地区一次大范围重度污染过程的特征及成因.结果表明,均压场、低边界层高度、静小风是本次重污染过程的主要气象特征,重污染过程的结束得益于后期气压梯度变大,水平扩散条件转好.此外,基于WRF-CMAQ(气象研究与预报建模系统及区域多尺度空气质量模型)模式情景分析法评价了区域传输和局地累积对本次重污染过程的作用,分析显示重污染前期当中东部地区受南风控制时,京津冀地区受长三角地区传输影响较大(15%～20%),长三角地区以本地贡献为主;累积阶段,长三角地区本地贡献显著下降,受到京津冀地区的贡献明显上升(20%～30...
关键词 ：
WRF-CMAQ WRF-CMAQ 京津冀 京津冀 气象要素 气象要素 重污染 重污染 长三角 长三角
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| GB/T 7714 | 陈颢元 , 王晓琦 , 程水源 et al. 京津冀和长三角地区一次重霾过程气象成因及传输特征 [J]. | 中国环境科学 , 2021 , 41 (06) : 2481-2492 . |
| MLA | 陈颢元 et al. "京津冀和长三角地区一次重霾过程气象成因及传输特征" . | 中国环境科学 41 . 06 (2021) : 2481-2492 . |
| APA | 陈颢元 , 王晓琦 , 程水源 , 关攀博 , 张智答 , 白伟超 et al. 京津冀和长三角地区一次重霾过程气象成因及传输特征 . | 中国环境科学 , 2021 , 41 (06) , 2481-2492 . |
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摘要 ：
邯郸市近年来O_3污染状况越发严峻,2018年夏季(6～8月),邯郸市O_3日最大8 h平均浓度为175μg·m~(-3),超标天数达54 d,超标率59%,最高浓度达257μg·m~(-3).本研究应用WRF-CMAQ模式系统和光化学指标法对邯郸市夏季O_3生成敏感性特征进行分析.结果表明,用H_2O_2/HNO_3表征O_3生成敏感性较其他指标在理论和模拟效果方面均更合适.基于精细化的源清单和网格分辨率,CMAQ对H_2O_2和HNO_3有较好的模拟效果.对H_2O_2/HNO_3的模拟结果显示,邯郸市VOCs控制区范围逐月减少,6月协同控制区范围占比最大,7月和8月以NO_x控制区为主....
关键词 ：
WRF-CMAQ WRF-CMAQ 光化学指标 光化学指标 敏感性 敏感性 臭氧 臭氧 邯郸市 邯郸市
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| GB/T 7714 | 牛元 , 程水源 , 欧盛菊 et al. 基于光化学指标法的邯郸市臭氧生成敏感性 [J]. | 环境科学 , 2021 , 42 (06) : 2691-2698 . |
| MLA | 牛元 et al. "基于光化学指标法的邯郸市臭氧生成敏感性" . | 环境科学 42 . 06 (2021) : 2691-2698 . |
| APA | 牛元 , 程水源 , 欧盛菊 , 姚诗音 , 沈泽亚 , 关攀博 . 基于光化学指标法的邯郸市臭氧生成敏感性 . | 环境科学 , 2021 , 42 (06) , 2691-2698 . |
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摘要 ：
本文针对京津冀区域,基于传统的排放因子法建立了区域人为源VOCs物种排放清单;并基于区域卫星遥感甲醛信息和典型城市地面VOCs观测信息,开展了VOCs物种清单多维校验研究.清单计算结果表明,该区域2013、2015和2017年VOCs排放量分别为202.67、207.34和193.42万t,以烷烃(29.83%～30.72%)、不饱和烃(16.54%～17.68%)、芳香烃(27.14%～27.51%)、醛(8.75%～9.52%)、酮(8.13%～9.04%)和醇醚酯(5.13%～6.60%)为主.2013～2017年VOCs清单排量,张家口、秦皇岛和衡水小幅上升(每年1.10%～1.66%...
关键词 ：
卫星遥感 卫星遥感 地面观测 地面观测 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 清单校验 清单校验 物种清单 物种清单
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| GB/T 7714 | 王玥 , 魏巍 , 任云婷 et al. 基于卫星遥感和地面观测的人为源VOCs区域清单多维校验 [J]. | 环境科学 , 2021 , 42 (06) : 2713-2720 . |
| MLA | 王玥 et al. "基于卫星遥感和地面观测的人为源VOCs区域清单多维校验" . | 环境科学 42 . 06 (2021) : 2713-2720 . |
| APA | 王玥 , 魏巍 , 任云婷 , 王晓琦 , 陈赛赛 , 程水源 . 基于卫星遥感和地面观测的人为源VOCs区域清单多维校验 . | 环境科学 , 2021 , 42 (06) , 2713-2720 . |
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摘要 ：
This study conducted a VOCs monitoring campaign in Jul and Oct of 2018, Jan and Apr of 2019 in Beijing urban area, to explore the atmospheric oxidation capacity and its impact on PM2.5 there through investigating the chemical behaviors of VOCs at a 1-h time resolution. We totally detected 53 VOCs in the atmosphere over Beijing, sum of them (TVOCs) reaching 29.0 ± 12.9, 47.6 ± 29.4, 45.7 ± 56.4 and 35.8 ± 19.3 ppb (mol/mol) in Jul, Oct, Jan and Apr respectively. The gap between VOCs and CO diurnal amplitudes presented the trend of Jul > Oct and Apr > Jan, which implies the more chemical loss of VOCs in non-winter seasons compared to winter. Then, according to the notable difference in OH- and O3- reactivity of various VOCs, hourly OH exposure ([OH]Δt), O3 exposure ([O3]Δt) and OH concentration were estimated. In result, in Jul, Oct, Jan and Apr, the daily [OH]Δt was 10.39 ± 4.95, 11.10 ± 6.01, 6.39 ± 3.74 and 8.96 ± 5.05 × 1010 molecules·s·cm−3, the nighttime [O3]Δt was 9.43 ± 2.83, 5.22 ± 3.62, 5.79 ± 3.65 and 8.60 ± 4.74 × 1015 molecules·s·cm−3, and the daily OH was 9.76 ± 5.17, 5.11 ± 2.98, 2.95 ± 2.18 and 6.26 ± 3.18 × 106 molecules·cm−3, in respective. The OH peak magnitudes agreed well with the OH measured in-site, which indicates the reliability of our estimates on the oxidation capacity of atmosphere over Beijing. During our studied periods, [OH]Δt, OH and atmospheric oxidability combining OH and O3 (ACO) were all positively related to PM2.5 in Jul and Apr; only [OH]Δt was positively related to PM2.5 in Oct; while [OH]Δt, OH and ACO were all negatively related to PM2.5 in Jan. The proportion of SO2 and VOCs oxidized through gaseous OH reactions was found to increase with PM2.5 increasing in non-winter seasons, but decrease with PM2.5 increasing in winter. It means that high PM2.5 concentrations are attributed more to gas-phase oxidations in non-winter seasons and potentially boosted by photochemistry in summer and spring. But, in winter high PM2.5 concentrations effectively inhibit photolysis reactions and weaken atmospheric oxidation capacity, which makes high PM2.5 less dependent on the gas-phase oxidations. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
关键词 ：
Atmospheric chemistry Atmospheric chemistry Free radicals Free radicals Gas chromatography Gas chromatography Molecules Molecules Oxidation Oxidation Volatile organic compounds Volatile organic compounds
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| GB/T 7714 | Wei, Wei , Wang, Yue , Bai, Hongxiang et al. Insights into atmospheric oxidation capacity and its impact on PM2.5 in megacity Beijing via volatile organic compounds measurements [J]. | Atmospheric Research , 2021 , 258 . |
| MLA | Wei, Wei et al. "Insights into atmospheric oxidation capacity and its impact on PM2.5 in megacity Beijing via volatile organic compounds measurements" . | Atmospheric Research 258 (2021) . |
| APA | Wei, Wei , Wang, Yue , Bai, Hongxiang , Wang, Xiaoqi , Cheng, Shuiyuan , Wang, Litao . Insights into atmospheric oxidation capacity and its impact on PM2.5 in megacity Beijing via volatile organic compounds measurements . | Atmospheric Research , 2021 , 258 . |
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摘要 ：
Estimating accurately airborne pollutant emissions source information (source strength and location) is important for achieving effective air pollution management or adequate emergency responses to accidents. Inversion method is one of the useful tools to identify the source parameters. The atmospheric dispersion scheme has been proven to be the key to determining the source inversion performance by influencing the accuracy of the dispersion models. Modifying the atmospheric dispersion scheme is an important potential method to improve the inversion performance, but this has not been studied previously. To fill this gap, a novel approach for parameter sensitivity analysis combined with an optimization method was proposed to improve the source inversion performance by optimizing empirical scheme. The dispersion coefficients σy and σz of the typical BRIGGS scheme under different atmospheric dispersion conditions were optimized and used for air pollutant dispersion and source inversion. The results showed that the prediction performance of the air pollutant concentrations was greatly improved with statistical indices |FB| and NMSE decreased by 0.22 and 2.07, respectively; FAC2 and R increased by 0.10, and 0.08, respectively. For source inversion, the results of the significance analysis suggested that the accuracy in the source strength and location parameter (x0) were both significantly improved by ∼271% (relative deviation reduced from 60.0% to 16.2%) and ∼121% (absolute deviation reduced from 27.6 to 12.5 m). The improvement of source strength inversion accuracy was more significant under unstable atmospheric conditions (stability class A, B, and C); the mean absolute relative deviation was reduced by 97.5%. These results can help to obtain more accurate source information and to provide reliable reference for air pollution managements or emergency response to accidents. This study provides a novel and versatile approach to improve estimation performance of pollutant emission sources and enhances our understanding of source inversion.
关键词 ：
Air pollutant emissions Air pollutant emissions Atmospheric dispersion coefficients Atmospheric dispersion coefficients Dispersion scheme optimization Dispersion scheme optimization Sensitivity analysis Sensitivity analysis Source inversion Source inversion
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| GB/T 7714 | Mao Shushuai , Lang Jianlei , Chen Tian et al. Improving source inversion performance of airborne pollutant emissions by modifying atmospheric dispersion scheme through sensitivity analysis combined with optimization model. [J]. | Environmental pollution , 2021 , 284 : 117186 . |
| MLA | Mao Shushuai et al. "Improving source inversion performance of airborne pollutant emissions by modifying atmospheric dispersion scheme through sensitivity analysis combined with optimization model." . | Environmental pollution 284 (2021) : 117186 . |
| APA | Mao Shushuai , Lang Jianlei , Chen Tian , Cheng Shuiyuan . Improving source inversion performance of airborne pollutant emissions by modifying atmospheric dispersion scheme through sensitivity analysis combined with optimization model. . | Environmental pollution , 2021 , 284 , 117186 . |
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摘要 ：
The air quality of Handan, a typical industrial city in China, has been significantly improved through atmospheric pollution control, except for ozone (O-3) pollution. We found that, in summer, emissions of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NOx decreased yearly in Handan, but the O-3 concentration significantly declined yearly during 2013-2015, whereas it experienced worsening O-3 pollution after 2015. Therefore, we used the Weather Research and Forecasting Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) modeling system to simulate the influence of the meteorological conditions and emission changes in Handan during the typical period (June) of O-3 pollution in 2013-2018. For benchmarked June 2013, the results showed that the reduction of the O-3 concentration in June of 2014-2016 was mainly caused by emission reduction, while in June of 2017-2018, the combined effect of changes in emissions and meteorological conditions led to aggravated O-3 pollution. Sensitivity analysis indicated that combined VOCs and NOx emission controls would effectively reduce incremental O-3 formation when the abatement ratio of VOCs/NOx should be no less than 0.84, and we found that VOCs reduction would continusouly bring about O-3 decreases under various NOx reductions, but its positive sensitivity to O-3 would become smaller with NOx reduction. However, the positive influence of NOx reduction on O-3 would happen until NOx reduction exceeding 45-60%. The findings will be helpful in formulating emission control strategies for coping with O-3 pollution in an industrial city.
关键词 ：
surface ozone surface ozone quantitative assessment quantitative assessment WRF-CMAQ model system WRF-CMAQ model system control strategy control strategy
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| GB/T 7714 | Yao, Shiyin , Wei, Wei , Cheng, Shuiyuan et al. Impacts of Meteorology and Emissions on O-3 Pollution during 2013-2018 and Corresponding Control Strategy for a Typical Industrial City of China [J]. | ATMOSPHERE , 2021 , 12 (5) . |
| MLA | Yao, Shiyin et al. "Impacts of Meteorology and Emissions on O-3 Pollution during 2013-2018 and Corresponding Control Strategy for a Typical Industrial City of China" . | ATMOSPHERE 12 . 5 (2021) . |
| APA | Yao, Shiyin , Wei, Wei , Cheng, Shuiyuan , Niu, Yuan , Guan, Panbo . Impacts of Meteorology and Emissions on O-3 Pollution during 2013-2018 and Corresponding Control Strategy for a Typical Industrial City of China . | ATMOSPHERE , 2021 , 12 (5) . |
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摘要 ：
Rural residential coal combustion (RRCC) has detrimental effects on air quality, climate, and human health. There are large uncertainties regarding emissions from RRCC owing to the lack of consideration of several key factors (e.g. combination modes of coal and stoves, combustion modes, and high temporal resolution). In this study, we provided a new estimation framework for RRCC emissions through a case study in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China. The emission estimations were improved according to four aspects, namely (1) coal-specific and stove-specific coal consumption was calculated based on face-to-face field interviews of 6700 valid volunteers/households covering 288 villages in 50 counties; (2) the influences of combustion modes (flaming and smoldering modes) on emissions were considered; (3) emissions of different fuel-stove combinations were estimated based on coal, stove, and combustion mode-specific RRCC consumption and localised emission factors; and (4) a method for emission estimation with high temporal resolution (1 h) was developed. The results indicated that RRCC emitted 413.6 kt SO2, 55.7 kt NOx, 5717.3 kt CO, 149.4 kt VOCs, 167.1 kt PM2.5, 18.2 kt EC, 32.5 kt OC, and 8.2 kt NH3 in 2016. The combination of bituminous coal and an advanced coal stove was the most significant contributor (20.7-71.8%) to various pollutant emissions. Coal combusted under the flaming mode contributed to most (81.9%) of the total coal consumption, and thus emitted the majority (50.8-99.8%) of pollutants, except for VOCs. Meanwhile, that under the smoldering mode only accounted for 18.1% of the total consumption, but contributed 49.2% and 74.7% of the CO and VOCs emissions, respectively. Two clear emission peaks occurred at approximately 7:00-9:00 and 18:00-20:00. The detailed coal consumption and emissions with high temporal and spatial resolution can provide sound data for further research on rural environmental issues and scientific support to pollution control strategies.
关键词 ：
Advanced coal stove Advanced coal stove Coal-stove combination Coal-stove combination Emission factors Emission factors Combustion modes Combustion modes Rural coal emissions Rural coal emissions
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhou Ying , Huang Dawei , Lang Jianlei et al. Improved estimation of rural residential coal emissions considering coal-stove combinations and combustion modes. [J]. | Environmental pollution , 2021 , 272 : 115558 . |
| MLA | Zhou Ying et al. "Improved estimation of rural residential coal emissions considering coal-stove combinations and combustion modes." . | Environmental pollution 272 (2021) : 115558 . |
| APA | Zhou Ying , Huang Dawei , Lang Jianlei , Zi Teng , Chen Dongsheng , Zhang Yuying et al. Improved estimation of rural residential coal emissions considering coal-stove combinations and combustion modes. . | Environmental pollution , 2021 , 272 , 115558 . |
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摘要 ：
Crop residue open burning has substantial negative effects on air quality, human health, and climate change, and accurate and timely estimates of its air pollutant emissions are essential. Open burning proportion (OBP) is the key parameter in estimating the emission from the crop residue open burning by bottom-up method. However, the OBP is mainly obtained by field investigation, which consumes much time, manpower and financial resources, leading to the OBP data deficient seriously. In this study, the significant logarithmic relations were found between OBP and fire radiative energy (FRE), and then the FRE-based OBP estimation models were developed for different regions of China. The comparison between the FRE-based OBP and the field-investigated OBP illustrated the reliability of the developed models (r = 0.71, NMB = -8% and NME = 25%). The OBPs of different municipalities/provinces in mainland China from 2003 to 2018 were further calculated. The results showed that the estimated OBP variation exhibited fluctuating upward trend with annual mean growth rate of 3.7% from 2003 to 2014, while dramatically decreased with annual mean reduction rate of 5.9% from 2014 to 2018. The estimation accuracy of emission from open biomass burning can also be can be significantly improved by basing on the yearspecific OBP, compared with the calculation based on fixed OBP. The annual PM2.5 emissions would decrease 4.5%-25.9% and increase 6.6%-30.7% in the scenarios of a fixed OBP during 2003-2014 and 2014-2018, respectively. The developed models complemented the severely missing OBP data of mainland China for the first time. By combining the advantages of bottom-up approach and FRE method, the proposed FRE-based models can avoid their disadvantages, and can help to get more accurately and timely emissions from crop residue open burning.
关键词 ：
Emission calculation Emission calculation OBP estimation Model OBP estimation Model Agriculture fire Agriculture fire MODIS MODIS China China
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhou, Ying , Zhang, Yuying , Zhao, Beibei et al. Estimating air pollutant emissions from crop residue open burning through a calculation of open burning proportion based on satellite-derived fire radiative energy [J]. | ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION , 2021 , 286 . |
| MLA | Zhou, Ying et al. "Estimating air pollutant emissions from crop residue open burning through a calculation of open burning proportion based on satellite-derived fire radiative energy" . | ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 286 (2021) . |
| APA | Zhou, Ying , Zhang, Yuying , Zhao, Beibei , Lang, Jianlei , Xia, Xiangchen , Chen, Dongsheng et al. Estimating air pollutant emissions from crop residue open burning through a calculation of open burning proportion based on satellite-derived fire radiative energy . | ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION , 2021 , 286 . |
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摘要 ：
A significant technique of combining simulation experiments with a long-term real-time field measurement was first deployed to explore impacts of various environmental factors on formations of sulfate aerosol on the surface of mineral aerosols as MgO in the different reaction systems, and synergistic impacts of these environmental factors on the formation of sulfate aerosols in the different seasonal systems, especially in haze days. Meanwhile, a new correction technique was developed to estimate the effective reaction area and initial uptake coefficient of SO2 on the MgO aerosol surfaces. The significant results showed that the reactions of SO2 on the MgO aerosol surfaces in the system of SO2-MgO-dark could produce a small amount of sulfate and a large amount of sulfite and bisulfite, while in the systems of SO2-MgO-h? and SO2-MgO-O3 produce a large amount of sulfate and a small amount of sulfite and bisulfite. The impacts of temperature T and relative humidity RH on the sulfate formation on MgO aerosol surfaces showed a single-peak mode under the UV light condition, respectively. The sensitivities of these environmental factors to the sulfate aerosol formation were found to follow the order of RH > UV >T > O3 > SO2. The revised initial uptake coefficient ?0.REV of SO2 on the MgO aerosols was always between ?0.BET and ?0.GEO, and much closer to actual value. The heterogeneous reaction mechanisms of SO2 on the MgO aerosol surfaces in the different reaction systems were obviously different. In the presence of water, light irradiation and O3 exerted crucially significant roles in promoting sulfate heterogeneous formation. The various environmental factors in the different seasonal systems, especially in haze days, showed different synergistic effects on sulfate aerosol formations. The sulfate aerosol formations in haze days were mostly impacted by RH, T, O3, and SO2 in spring, RH in summer, RH, T, and SO2 in autumn, and RH and SO2 in winter. The study will provide significant scientific bases for understanding and controlling haze pollution formation.
关键词 ：
Uptake coefficient Uptake coefficient Synergistic effect Synergistic effect Sensitive factors Sensitive factors Mineral aerosol Mineral aerosol Sulfate aerosol Sulfate aerosol Haze days Haze days
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| GB/T 7714 | Han, Lihui , Liu, Xinhang , Chen, Yuanyuan et al. Key factors influencing the formation of sulfate aerosol on the surface of mineral aerosols: Insights from laboratory simulations and ACSM measurements [J]. | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT , 2021 , 253 . |
| MLA | Han, Lihui et al. "Key factors influencing the formation of sulfate aerosol on the surface of mineral aerosols: Insights from laboratory simulations and ACSM measurements" . | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 253 (2021) . |
| APA | Han, Lihui , Liu, Xinhang , Chen, Yuanyuan , Xiang, Xin , Cheng, Shuiyuan , Wang, Haiyan . Key factors influencing the formation of sulfate aerosol on the surface of mineral aerosols: Insights from laboratory simulations and ACSM measurements . | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT , 2021 , 253 . |
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摘要 ：
Characteristics of submicron particulate matter, including its components, during December 5-30, 2016, were comprehensively investigated in Beijing. The surface transport flux was calculated as well as the cross-border transport influence of Beijing and the North China Plain (NCP) on Beijing University of Technology (BJUT) based on the non-refractory submicron particles (NR-PM1) and species, PM2.5, and gaseous pollutant observations, together with wind vectors. The Weather Research & Forecasting (WRF) and Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extension (CAMx) were applied to demonstrate the vertical PM2.5 flux distribution. These results showed that the monthly average concentration of NR-PM1 was 86.1 +/- 86.5 mu g m(-3), with organics forming the major fraction (49.2 +/- 11.1%), followed by NO3- (19.1 +/- 6.3%), SO42- (15.8 +/- 6.4%), NH4+ (10.8 +/- 2.6%), and Cl (5.1 +/- 2.9%). The accumulation and dissipation of pollutants were related to the wind vector, with higher concentrations in the southern and eastern directions with low wind speed (WS), and lower concentrations in the northwestern direction with high WS. The net flux intensities were stronger from WB to BJUT for particulate matter and species, from EB to BJUT for gaseous pollutants and from NB to BJUT for all pollutants, which might attribute to the mutual influence of the pollutant concentration and wind vector. All the pollutant flux intensities were generally stronger in the heavy pollution episodes (HPEs) and red alert episodes (RAEs) than those in the non-polluted episodes (NPEs). Moreover, the PM2.5 net flux varied with the height; the maximum total net flux occurred at a height of 252 m. The variations in PM2.5 flux at the high-altitude layer were similar to those at the low-altitude layer, in which the former was approximately 1.5-2 times the latter. Furthermore, the external transport could exert important influence before reaching the most severe stage of pollution, while the local emissions had a greater potential to form heavy pollution extremes. Overall, the aforementioned results could provide the scientific support for proposing effective joint control measures and mitigating the adverse effects of heavy pollution in NCP.
关键词 ：
Heavy pollution Heavy pollution Transport flux Transport flux WRF-CAMx WRF-CAMx Wind vector impacts Wind vector impacts NR-PM1 NR-PM1
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Hanyu , Xing, Yi , Cheng, Shuiyuan et al. Characterization of multiple atmospheric pollutants during haze and non-haze episodes in Beijing, China: Concentration, chemical components and transport flux variations [J]. | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT , 2021 , 246 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Hanyu et al. "Characterization of multiple atmospheric pollutants during haze and non-haze episodes in Beijing, China: Concentration, chemical components and transport flux variations" . | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 246 (2021) . |
| APA | Zhang, Hanyu , Xing, Yi , Cheng, Shuiyuan , Wang, Xiaoqi , Guan, Panbo . Characterization of multiple atmospheric pollutants during haze and non-haze episodes in Beijing, China: Concentration, chemical components and transport flux variations . | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT , 2021 , 246 . |
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