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摘要 :
办公建筑LED照明空间的光环境提升需求研究
关键词 :
办公建筑 办公建筑 光环境提升 光环境提升 生理等效照度 生理等效照度 LED LED 室内光环境 室内光环境
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GB/T 7714 | 梁青璇 , 陈雅倩 , 罗涛 et al. 办公建筑LED照明空间的光环境提升需求研究 [J]. | 梁青璇 , 2021 , 37 (4) : 19-25,32 . |
MLA | 梁青璇 et al. "办公建筑LED照明空间的光环境提升需求研究" . | 梁青璇 37 . 4 (2021) : 19-25,32 . |
APA | 梁青璇 , 陈雅倩 , 罗涛 , 夏麟 , 叶谋杰 , 薛鹏 et al. 办公建筑LED照明空间的光环境提升需求研究 . | 梁青璇 , 2021 , 37 (4) , 19-25,32 . |
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摘要 :
随着LED照明及其调光调色功能的普及,提高办公人员对室内不同光环境空间的主观体验已成为可能。本文对北京、上海现有办公建筑的办公室、会议室、走廊等光环境空间进行实测,结合对室内人员的主观调研,提出一种面向办公建筑LED照明环境质量提升的客观指标识别方法。在满足现有标准的样本中,以办公室为例,通过主客观数据分析发现,工作面照度和空间亮度更受办公人员关注,空间亮度系数、垂直照度和生理等效照度已成为现有标准外的重要评价指标,体现其等级提升的阈值应分别定为10 lx、150 lx和300 lx。办公建筑中不同光环境场景存在需求差异,均可通过此方法识别归因客观指标及其阈值。研究同时发现,针对主观感受,指标...
关键词 :
LED LED 光环境提升 光环境提升 办公建筑 办公建筑 室内光环境 室内光环境 生理等效照度 生理等效照度
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GB/T 7714 | 梁青璇 , 陈雅倩 , 罗涛 et al. 办公建筑LED照明空间的光环境提升需求研究 [J]. | 建筑科学 , 2021 , 37 (04) : 19-25,32 . |
MLA | 梁青璇 et al. "办公建筑LED照明空间的光环境提升需求研究" . | 建筑科学 37 . 04 (2021) : 19-25,32 . |
APA | 梁青璇 , 陈雅倩 , 罗涛 , 夏麟 , 叶谋杰 , 薛鹏 et al. 办公建筑LED照明空间的光环境提升需求研究 . | 建筑科学 , 2021 , 37 (04) , 19-25,32 . |
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摘要 :
Indoor fungi, as an important group of biological contaminants, are recognized as risk factors for human health. However, limited data are currently available on fungal pollution in houses of China. In this study, fungi in air, in settled dust and on surfaces in urban houses with children are determined in six major cities of China. Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. and Cladosporium spp. are the most frequent genera and are the dominant genera in air. The concentrations of these three fungi account for an average percentage of 87% and 83% of the total concentration of airborne fungi in winter and summer. Unlike airborne fungi, there is no particularly obvious dominant fungal genus in settled dusts and on interior surfaces. The average concentration of total airborne fungi in houses in summer is significantly higher (p < 0.001) than that in winter. In terms of total concentration of airborne fungi, indoor sources significantly contribute to indoor airborne fungi in winter, whereas the contribution of outdoor sources is relatively greater in summer. Average concentration of airborne fungi in northern houses is higher than that in southern houses in both summer and winter. Fungal concentrations in air, in settled dust and on interior surface do not show a strong relationship (r < 0.5), thus air, dust and surface sampling may be all essential to evaluate indoor fungal exposure. The findings of this study are favorable for understanding fungal exposure in houses and can provide bases for establishing control strategies for indoor fungi in China.
关键词 :
Children Children China China Fungi Fungi Houses Houses Indoor environment Indoor environment Microorganism Microorganism
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GB/T 7714 | Fan, Guangtao , Xie, Jingchao , Yoshino, Hiroshi et al. Investigation of fungal contamination in urban houses with children in six major Chinese cities: Genus and concentration characteristics [J]. | BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT , 2021 , 205 . |
MLA | Fan, Guangtao et al. "Investigation of fungal contamination in urban houses with children in six major Chinese cities: Genus and concentration characteristics" . | BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT 205 (2021) . |
APA | Fan, Guangtao , Xie, Jingchao , Yoshino, Hiroshi , Yanagi, U. , Zhang, Huibo , Li, Zhenhai et al. Investigation of fungal contamination in urban houses with children in six major Chinese cities: Genus and concentration characteristics . | BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT , 2021 , 205 . |
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摘要 :
In Beijing, municipal central heating is normally scheduled from 15 November each year and energy consumption for space heating is growing rapidly. This field study aimed to investigate residential thermal environment and its effects on subjective thermal responses and behavior adjustments in cold climate. The investigation was conducted in 12 apartment houses in six communities in Beijing from October to December 2019, involving both transition period before the space heating and heating period after the space heating. Indoor environmental parameters were collected by self-recording instruments, while heating equipment, subjective evaluations and adaptive behaviors were obtained though paper questionnaires. The results demonstrated that average air temperature in bedrooms of transition period was 19.5 ± 1.3 °C, significantly lower than 22.9 ± 1.9 °C in heating period. Moreover, there are large variations in indoor thermal environments among the heating systems/equipment. During heating, the interior air in houses was overheated (>24 °C) and low humidity( © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
关键词 :
Apartment houses Apartment houses Energy conservation Energy conservation Energy utilization Energy utilization Houses Houses Space heating Space heating Surveys Surveys Thermal comfort Thermal comfort
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GB/T 7714 | Yin, Peng , Ji, Ying , Xie, Jingchao et al. Research on residential thermal environment differences in relation to transition and heating periods in Beijing [J]. | Building and Environment , 2021 , 197 . |
MLA | Yin, Peng et al. "Research on residential thermal environment differences in relation to transition and heating periods in Beijing" . | Building and Environment 197 (2021) . |
APA | Yin, Peng , Ji, Ying , Xie, Jingchao , Liu, Jiaping , Hou, Qixian , Zhao, Shanshan . Research on residential thermal environment differences in relation to transition and heating periods in Beijing . | Building and Environment , 2021 , 197 . |
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摘要 :
Airport terminals have much higher average energy consumptions than normal public buildings. This is caused by their complicated space features and operation characteristics. In China, large modern airports were built from around 2004, which means our understanding to the real energy performance of these buildings lag behind the design practice and with feedback from operation experience, both design or operation of modern airports shall be improved in terms of energy efficiency. Nanning Airport provided an excellent example for that purpose, with comprehensive operation data collected during 2016-2019. The data were firstly presented in this paper, followed by clustering and correlation analysis to establish the correlation among potential factors. From the analysis, the major factors influencing energy consumption were identified as passenger flow, meteorological parameters and supply fan frequency. Regression analysis was performed based on monthly data and equations were provided for the calculation of the terminal total energy consumption and its three sub components according to the input parameters of passenger flow data and meteorological data. These equations provide guidance on energy supply for the operation of this airport and more importantly can be used as valuable reference when designing airports in similar conditions.
关键词 :
Airport terminal Airport terminal Energy consumption Energy consumption Influencing factors Influencing factors Operation data Operation data Passenger Passenger
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GB/T 7714 | Gu Xianliang , Xie Jingchao , Luo Zhiwen et al. Analysis to energy consumption characteristics and influencing factors of terminal building based on airport operating data [J]. | SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS , 2021 , 44 . |
MLA | Gu Xianliang et al. "Analysis to energy consumption characteristics and influencing factors of terminal building based on airport operating data" . | SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS 44 (2021) . |
APA | Gu Xianliang , Xie Jingchao , Luo Zhiwen , Liu Jiaping . Analysis to energy consumption characteristics and influencing factors of terminal building based on airport operating data . | SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS , 2021 , 44 . |
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摘要 :
Daylight refers to a free and valuable resource exhibiting photometric and radiometric features, and the physical parameters commonly used to represent its features are irradiance and illuminance. They are both obtained by the spectral power distribution (SPD) of global irradiance, demonstrating that values noticeably affect indoor thermal and luminous environments. Nevertheless, outdoor particulate matter (PM) significantly affects SPD conditions, and two relative spectral notions, i.e., percentage of spectral irradiance (PSIr) and percentage of spectral illuminance (PSIl), were proposed to study the effects of PM10 concentrations in radiometry and photometry with a field measurement, Beijing. As a result, the strong impact of PM10 on PSIr/ PSIl can be noticed in the range (380 to 540 nm) (P-value 10 and PSIr/ PSIl based on regression analysis. With this wavelength, PSIr varies from 0.29 to 0.25%, and PSIl ranges from 0.48 to 0.42% with the increase of PM10 concentrations from 0.01 to 0.098 mg/m3. With the verification of the model, several bands were further analyzed to comprehensively verify the monotonic correlations, and the band ranging 480 ~ 520 nm were reasonably proved that PSIr/PSIl and PM10 can be well indicated by each other. As influenced by the complexity of spectral transmittance through the glazing, the mutual characterization between solar spectrum and particulate matters can contribute to the building energy-efficient design and develop indoor thermal and luminous environment research in the future. © 2020 International Solar Energy Society
关键词 :
Energy efficiency Energy efficiency Iridium compounds Iridium compounds Lighting Lighting Photometry Photometry Radiometry Radiometry Regression analysis Regression analysis
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GB/T 7714 | Ye, Sheng , Xue, Peng , Fang, Wanying et al. Quantitative effects of PM concentrations on spectral distribution of global normal irradiance [J]. | Solar Energy , 2021 , 220 : 1099-1108 . |
MLA | Ye, Sheng et al. "Quantitative effects of PM concentrations on spectral distribution of global normal irradiance" . | Solar Energy 220 (2021) : 1099-1108 . |
APA | Ye, Sheng , Xue, Peng , Fang, Wanying , Dai, Qi , Peng, Jinqing , Sun, Yuying et al. Quantitative effects of PM concentrations on spectral distribution of global normal irradiance . | Solar Energy , 2021 , 220 , 1099-1108 . |
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摘要 :
It is widely known that coastal buildings are eroded by salt, and hygroscopic performance of the building materials significantly affects the building energy consumption. Therefore, for buildings in marine atmospheric zones, it is necessary to explore the impact of salt on the hygroscopic properties of cement mortar. In this study, cement mortar specimens with different salt contents were prepared to measure their hygroscopic properties at different humidity levels, and acquire the regulation of equilibrium moisture content with changes in the salt content and relative humidity. In addition, based on a variety of commonly used adsorption formulae, combined with the influencing factors of salt content proposed in this study, a hygroscopic fitting formula for saltcontaining materials was established. The experimental results revealed the following: the higher the salt content, the longer the stability time; the maximum increase in moisture absorption occurred in the early stage of the experiment, which gradually decreased and tended to be stable in the later stage; at any level of relative humidity, the equilibrium moisture content of the specimen increased with an increase in the salt content, and the promoting effect could be enhanced by more than three-fold; furthermore, the maximum moisture content appeared under conditions of high salt and high humidity. In addition, the fitting formula based on the BET formula and salt influence factor had a good fitting effect, and the goodness of fit could reach 0.98.
关键词 :
Cement mortar Cement mortar Fitting formula Fitting formula Hygroscopic properties Hygroscopic properties Salt-containing material Salt-containing material
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GB/T 7714 | Bai, Lu , Xie, Jingchao , Liu, Jiaping et al. Effect of salt on hygroscopic properties of cement mortar [J]. | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2021 , 305 . |
MLA | Bai, Lu et al. "Effect of salt on hygroscopic properties of cement mortar" . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS 305 (2021) . |
APA | Bai, Lu , Xie, Jingchao , Liu, Jiaping , Xie, Yue . Effect of salt on hygroscopic properties of cement mortar . | CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS , 2021 , 305 . |
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摘要 :
To analyze the extent of fire risk in historic Chinese wooden structure buildings, the fire load characteristics of a historic temple in Beijing were studied. In this paper, thermogravimetric and cone calorimeter experiments were conducted on raw wood collected from historic Chinese buildings. Based on the experiment results, temple fire experiments were conducted in a full-scale model temple with high fire load in a historic Chinese wooden structure temple. FDS software was used to explore the characteristics of fire growth and spread in the initial fire. The results demonstrated that the pyrolysis kinetics parameters of historical wood were smaller than those of fresh wood. The reference temperature at 150 degrees C with wood density of 410 kg/m(3) in wooden structure building fire simulation was relatively credible. Flashovers are more likely to occur in historic wooden structure buildings of lower wood density and pyrolysis parameters.
关键词 :
FDS FDS fire risk fire risk fire spread fire spread Historic Chinese Temple Historic Chinese Temple pyrolysis parameters pyrolysis parameters wooden structure wooden structure
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GB/T 7714 | Huai, Chaoping , Xie, Jingchao , Liu, Fang et al. Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Fire Risk in Historic Chinese Temples: A Case in Beijing [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE , 2021 . |
MLA | Huai, Chaoping et al. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Fire Risk in Historic Chinese Temples: A Case in Beijing" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE (2021) . |
APA | Huai, Chaoping , Xie, Jingchao , Liu, Fang , Du, Jiangtao , Chow, David H. C. , Liu, Jiaping . Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Fire Risk in Historic Chinese Temples: A Case in Beijing . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE , 2021 . |
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摘要 :
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory disease that has become a global pandemic. Close contact plays an important role in infection spread, while fomite may also be a possible transmission route. Research during the COVID-19 pandemic has identified long-range airborne transmission as one of the important transmission routes although lack solid evidence. Methods: We examined video data related to a restaurant associated COVID-19 outbreak in Guangzhou. We observed more than 40,000 surface touches and 13,00 0 episodes of close contacts in the restaurant during the entire lunch duration. These data allowed us to analyse infection risk via both the fomite and close contact routes. Results: There is no significant correlation between the infection risk via both fomite and close contact routes among those who were not family members of the index case. We can thus rule out virus transmission via fomite contact and interpersonal close contact routes in the Guangzhou restaurant outbreak. The absence of a fomite route agrees with the COVID-19 literature. Conclusions: These results provide indirect evidence for the long-range airborne route dominating SARSCoV-2 transmission in the restaurant. We note that the restaurant was poorly ventilated, allowing for increasing airborne SARS-CoV-2 concentration. (C) 2021 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词 :
Airborne Airborne Close contact Close contact Covid-19 Covid-19 Fomite Fomite Human behavior Human behavior
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GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Nan , Chen, Xuguang , Jia, Wei et al. Y Evidence for lack of transmission by close contact and surface touch in a restaurant outbreak of COVID-19 [J]. | JOURNAL OF INFECTION , 2021 , 83 (2) : 207-216 . |
MLA | Zhang, Nan et al. "Y Evidence for lack of transmission by close contact and surface touch in a restaurant outbreak of COVID-19" . | JOURNAL OF INFECTION 83 . 2 (2021) : 207-216 . |
APA | Zhang, Nan , Chen, Xuguang , Jia, Wei , Jin, Tianyi , Xiao, Shenglan , Chen, Wenzhao et al. Y Evidence for lack of transmission by close contact and surface touch in a restaurant outbreak of COVID-19 . | JOURNAL OF INFECTION , 2021 , 83 (2) , 207-216 . |
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摘要 :
To investigate the need of allergic population for indoor environment quality, exposure effects of poor air quality on subjects with respiratory allergies were compared with those on healthy people, including perceptual responses, health symptoms, mental performance, and physiological responses. The experimental intervention was with and without ventilation at thermally neutral rooms, creating two exposure conditions indicated by CO2 concentration ranges of 502 to 3297 ppm (2438 ± 1527 ppm) and 517 to 5687 ppm (3615 ± 1527 ppm). 63 subjects (32 allergic subjects and 31 non-allergic subjects) were exposed to both conditions for 3 hours. The main results suggested that, compared with healthy people, people with respiratory allergy seem to be more sensitive or less acceptable to reduced air quality polluted by occupants during instantaneous exposure. Besides, the allergic group performed worse in cognitive tests than non-allergic group. After 3 hours of continuous exposure, people with respiratory allergy reported stronger intensity of respiratory irritations and seemed to suffer more inflammation indicated by a higher level of interleukin 1L-1β.
关键词 :
CO2 concentration CO2 concentration human bioeffluents human bioeffluents mental performance mental performance odor perception odor perception physiological responses physiological responses respiratory allergic people respiratory allergic people
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GB/T 7714 | Zhang Xiaojing , Li Dandan , Xie Jingchao et al. Environmental perceptions, mental performance, and physiological responses of people with respiratory allergies exposed to reduced Indoor Air Quality. [J]. | Indoor air , 2021 . |
MLA | Zhang Xiaojing et al. "Environmental perceptions, mental performance, and physiological responses of people with respiratory allergies exposed to reduced Indoor Air Quality." . | Indoor air (2021) . |
APA | Zhang Xiaojing , Li Dandan , Xie Jingchao , Liu Jiaping . Environmental perceptions, mental performance, and physiological responses of people with respiratory allergies exposed to reduced Indoor Air Quality. . | Indoor air , 2021 . |
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