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摘要 ：
Orientated-type flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells having baffles increase the cell performance, however, the higher power loss accounted by baffles, is a non-ignorable disadvantage. Previous literature proves that the baffles in channels cause the increase in power losses, while how the baffles affect the power losses, including the frictional losses and local losses, are still not analyzed before. Therefore, in this paper, a two-dimensional model is developed to study the friction loss and local loss in the flow channels with baffles. The numerical model, which couples the non-Darcy flow effect, is validated by comparing with self-conducted experimental results. Experimental and simulation results reveal that: orientated-type flow channels facilitate enhance the power output, and with the enlargement of baffles, the performance is further enhanced. In addition, the frictional losses and local losses in the orientated-type flow channels are comparatively studied by a numerical approach for the first time. It is found that using the materials with low surface roughness can decrease the friction loss; and avoiding sudden expanded segments at leeward sides of baffles can reduce the local loss. The experimental results and simulation results can further help improve the flow channel design. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词 ：
Flow channel design Flow channel design Frictional loss Frictional loss Local loss Local loss Orientated-type flow channel Orientated-type flow channel Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Proton exchange membrane fuel cell
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang et al. Cell performance and flow losses of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with orientated-type flow channels [J]. | RENEWABLE ENERGY , 2022 , 181 : 1338-1352 . |
| MLA | Chen, Hao et al. "Cell performance and flow losses of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with orientated-type flow channels" . | RENEWABLE ENERGY 181 (2022) : 1338-1352 . |
| APA | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang , Fang, Chong . Cell performance and flow losses of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with orientated-type flow channels . | RENEWABLE ENERGY , 2022 , 181 , 1338-1352 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
低熔点熔融盐管内强迫对流换热的实验研究
关键词 ：
熔融盐 熔融盐 换热器 换热器 太阳能 太阳能 传热 传热 强迫对流 强迫对流 蓄热 蓄热
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| GB/T 7714 | 陈虎 , 吴玉庭 , 郭航 et al. 低熔点熔融盐管内强迫对流换热的实验研究 [J]. | 陈虎 , 2021 , 42 (2) : 25-30 . |
| MLA | 陈虎 et al. "低熔点熔融盐管内强迫对流换热的实验研究" . | 陈虎 42 . 2 (2021) : 25-30 . |
| APA | 陈虎 , 吴玉庭 , 郭航 , 陈夏 , 鹿院卫 , 马重芳 et al. 低熔点熔融盐管内强迫对流换热的实验研究 . | 陈虎 , 2021 , 42 (2) , 25-30 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
利用课题组自行配制的二元混合熔融盐(KNO_3-Ca(NO_3)_2)开展导热油与低熔点熔融盐的管内强制对流实验研究。通过实验得到导热油与低熔点熔融盐的总换热系数,并通过最小二乘法和Wilson分离法得到了管内低熔点熔融盐侧的对流换热系数及其准则关联式。与不同的经典传热关联式对比,最大偏差为+23%。考虑高温熔融盐的变物性特征,利用黏度项对Dittus-Boelter方程关联式进行修正。经过修正后的Dittus-Boelter方程与实验测试结果最大偏差为-15%,偏差值明显减小。过渡流实验数据和Hausen方程及Gnielinski方程的最大偏差均为10%,实验结果验证了传热关系式仍适用于高温...
关键词 ：
传热 传热 太阳能 太阳能 强迫对流 强迫对流 换热器 换热器 熔融盐 熔融盐 蓄热 蓄热
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| GB/T 7714 | 陈虎 , 吴玉庭 , 郭航 et al. 低熔点熔融盐管内强迫对流换热的实验研究 [J]. | 太阳能学报 , 2021 , 42 (02) : 25-30 . |
| MLA | 陈虎 et al. "低熔点熔融盐管内强迫对流换热的实验研究" . | 太阳能学报 42 . 02 (2021) : 25-30 . |
| APA | 陈虎 , 吴玉庭 , 郭航 , 陈夏 , 鹿院卫 , 马重芳 . 低熔点熔融盐管内强迫对流换热的实验研究 . | 太阳能学报 , 2021 , 42 (02) , 25-30 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
In this paper, the experimental study on the forced convection heat transfer between molten salt and heat transfer oil was carried out by using the binary mixed molten salt (KNO3-Ca(NO3)2) prepared by our group. The total heat transfer coefficient of the molten salt-heat transfer oil under different working conditions was obtained. The convective heat transfer coefficient and the convection criterion number correlation of the molten salt in the tube and the molten salt side under the fully developed turbulent flow and transitional flow in the tube were obtained respectively by the Wilson's Separation Method and the Least Squares Method. The results show that the maximum deviation of turbulent experimental data is +23% compared with the classical correlation. By considering the variable properties of high-temperature molten salt, the viscosity equation is used to correct the Dittus-Boelter equation correlation. It is found that the maximum deviation between the modified Dittus-Boelter equation and the experimental test results is -15%. The deviation value is significantly reduced. The maximum deviation of the transitional flow experimental data from the Hausen equation and the Gnielinski equation is 10%. The test shows that the experimental results of this work are in good agreement with the classical heat transfer formula mentioned above, which isdications that the heat transfer relationship is still applicable to high temperature molten salt. © 2021, Solar Energy Periodical Office Co., Ltd. All right reserved.
关键词 ：
Heat transfer coefficients Heat transfer coefficients Calcium compounds Calcium compounds Forced convection Forced convection Potassium Nitrate Potassium Nitrate Transition flow Transition flow Fused salts Fused salts Least squares approximations Least squares approximations Potash Potash
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Hu , Wu, Yuting , Guo, Hang et al. Experimental study on forced convection heat transfer with low melting point molten salt in smooth tube [J]. | Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica , 2021 , 42 (2) : 25-30 . |
| MLA | Chen, Hu et al. "Experimental study on forced convection heat transfer with low melting point molten salt in smooth tube" . | Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica 42 . 2 (2021) : 25-30 . |
| APA | Chen, Hu , Wu, Yuting , Guo, Hang , Chen, Xia , Lu, Yuanwei , Ma, Chongfang . Experimental study on forced convection heat transfer with low melting point molten salt in smooth tube . | Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica , 2021 , 42 (2) , 25-30 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
In this study, a two-dimensional, two-phase, non-isothermal, and un-steady state unitized regenerative fuel cell model is established. The effect of various operating conditions on the variation trend of parameters and cell performance during mode switching from fuel cell to electrolytic cell mode is studied when using an elliptically shallow flow channel. Three operating parameter conditions are discussed, including inlet gas velocity, electrolytic cell voltage and water supply velocity. The effects of various operating conditions on cell performance and parameters are compared. The results show that different operating conditions have different effects on cell performance. When switching from fuel cell mode to electrolytic cell mode, changing the stoichiometric ratio of inlet gas velocity does not affect the cell performance after mode switching. The cell performance can be improved gradually with the increase in electrolytic cell voltage. Increasing the flow rate of liquid water can effectively speed up the stabilization time, however, the cell performance is slightly reduced, and it is easy to accumulate oxygen at the outlet.
关键词 ：
dynamic response dynamic response elliptically shallow flow channel elliptically shallow flow channel mode switching mode switching operating conditions operating conditions Unitized regenerative fuel cell Unitized regenerative fuel cell
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| GB/T 7714 | Song, Jia , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang et al. A numerical investigation of operating condition effects on unitized regenerative fuel cells with elliptically shallow channel during mode switching [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY , 2021 . |
| MLA | Song, Jia et al. "A numerical investigation of operating condition effects on unitized regenerative fuel cells with elliptically shallow channel during mode switching" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY (2021) . |
| APA | Song, Jia , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang , Ma, Chong Fang . A numerical investigation of operating condition effects on unitized regenerative fuel cells with elliptically shallow channel during mode switching . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY , 2021 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
Orientated-type flow channels having porous blocks enhance the reactant transfer into gas diffusion layers of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. However, because of the blockages accounted by baffles and porous blocks in channel regions, pumping power increases. In this study, with the aim of further reducing the pumping power in flow channels with porous-blocked baffles, an orientated-type flow channel with streamline baffles having porous blocks is proposed. By employing an improved two-fluid model, cell performance, liquid water distribution and pumping power in a single flow channel are numerically studied. The simulation results show that the baffles with porous blocks increase the cell performance, and the streamline baffles with larger volumes further increase the performance; the produced water in porous regions is ejected more under inertial effect, especially at the regions near to baffles in gas diffusion layers and inside porous blocks. In addition, by using the streamline baffles, the excessive increase in power loss is further reduced. Moreover, the location and porosity effects of baffles with porous blocks are analyzed. Simulation results show that the location exhibits obscure effects on reactant transfer and cell performance, while the liquid water can be removed more when the porous blocked baffles are concentrated at downstream. The net power is enhanced more when using three porous blocks with the porosity of 0.00. (c) 2020 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词 ：
Flow channel design Flow channel design Forchheimer's effect Forchheimer's effect Mass transfer Mass transfer Orientated-type flow channel Orientated-type flow channel Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Proton exchange membrane fuel cell
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang et al. A numerical study of orientated-type flow channels with porous-blocked baffles of proton exchange membrane fuel cells [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2021 , 46 (57) : 29443-29458 . |
| MLA | Chen, Hao et al. "A numerical study of orientated-type flow channels with porous-blocked baffles of proton exchange membrane fuel cells" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 46 . 57 (2021) : 29443-29458 . |
| APA | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang , Ma, Chong Fang . A numerical study of orientated-type flow channels with porous-blocked baffles of proton exchange membrane fuel cells . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2021 , 46 (57) , 29443-29458 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
Orientated-type flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells cause non-Darcy effect occurring in flow regions. Therefore, the species transportation is affected by inertial effect. However, how the inertial force affects convection and diffusion of different species has not been discussed before. Thus, a modified two-dimensional, non-isothermal, two-phase and steady state model considering non-Darcy effect is employed in this study, and reactants and products transportations through diffusion and convection under inertial effects are quantitatively analyzed for the first time. Simulation results reveal that the convective transportation of reactants increases more under the influence of inertial force; water vapor transportation through convection increases the water content in porous regions. At the same time, liquid water expels more rapidly from gas diffusion layers under baffle regions, and enlarging baffle volumes increases the regions where the liquid water is rapidly removed under the inertial effect. (c) 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词 ：
Non-Darcy flow effect Non-Darcy flow effect Orientated-type flow channel Orientated-type flow channel Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Reactant utilization rate Reactant utilization rate Two-phase mass transfer Two-phase mass transfer
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang et al. Improving two-phase mass transportation under Non-Darcy flow effect in orientated-type flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2021 , 46 (41) : 21600-21618 . |
| MLA | Chen, Hao et al. "Improving two-phase mass transportation under Non-Darcy flow effect in orientated-type flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 46 . 41 (2021) : 21600-21618 . |
| APA | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang , Ma, Chong Fang . Improving two-phase mass transportation under Non-Darcy flow effect in orientated-type flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2021 , 46 (41) , 21600-21618 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
The transfer processes of reactants and products affect each other in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), because they have contrast transfer directions between flow channels and gas diffusion layers (GDLs). In this study, a two-dimensional, two-phase, non-isothermal and steady state model is developed to analyze the species transportation behaviors through diffusion and convection in PEMFCs with orientated-type flow channels. Five conventional shape baffles effects on mass transfers are compared, and the relationships between convection and diffusion of reactants and produced water vapor are discussed. Simulation results reveal that baffle shapes affect the mass transportation through the baffles leading angles and volumes, and larger leading angles enhance the reactants and the water vapor convective transferring into GDLs; meanwhile, larger baffle volumes enhance the reactant transferring into GDLs and water vapor transferring out from GDLs through diffusion processes. In addition, transportation processes of reactants and vapor affect each other, where more reactants convectively transferring into GDLs causes more water vapor entering GDLs; enhancing the reactants diffusively transferring into GDLs reduces water vapor diffusive transportation out from GDLs. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
关键词 ：
Channel flow Channel flow Diffusion in gases Diffusion in gases Mass transportation Mass transportation Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) Water vapor Water vapor
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang et al. A numerical study on convection and diffusion of mass transfer in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with orientated-type flow channels [J]. | International Journal of Energy Research , 2021 , 45 (4) : 5659-5678 . |
| MLA | Chen, Hao et al. "A numerical study on convection and diffusion of mass transfer in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with orientated-type flow channels" . | International Journal of Energy Research 45 . 4 (2021) : 5659-5678 . |
| APA | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang , Ma, Chong Fang . A numerical study on convection and diffusion of mass transfer in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with orientated-type flow channels . | International Journal of Energy Research , 2021 , 45 (4) , 5659-5678 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
In this study, a two-dimensional, two-phase, non-isothermal and steady-state modified model of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is developed. The Forchheimer's effect (Non-Darcy effect) is coupled in the model, and its impact on liquid water removing process in flow channels with baffles having different shapes is discussed. Simulation results show that the liquid water is able to be removed more at the regions around baffles. At the same time, the baffle shapes reform the liquid water distribution. When using the baffles having larger dimensions (e.g. using rectangular baffles or trapezoidal baffles), the flow spaces around baffles decrease more and the liquid water is removed more because of the increase in local flow velocity. As a result, the concentration polarization is weakened and cell performance is improved more. Moreover, a streamline baffled flow channel that is designed for the purpose of both increasing the cell performance and avoiding excessive increase in pressure drops is discussed. Simulation results show that this flow channel design can both avoid too much increase in pressure drop and facilitate the liquid water removing out from the fuel cell. © 2020 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
关键词 ：
Channel flow Channel flow Drops Drops Flow velocity Flow velocity Liquids Liquids Pressure drop Pressure drop Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) Water supply systems Water supply systems
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang et al. Forchheimer's inertial effect on liquid water removal in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with baffled flow channels [J]. | International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , 2021 , 46 (3) : 2990-3007 . |
| MLA | Chen, Hao et al. "Forchheimer's inertial effect on liquid water removal in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with baffled flow channels" . | International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46 . 3 (2021) : 2990-3007 . |
| APA | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang , Ma, Chong Fang . Forchheimer's inertial effect on liquid water removal in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with baffled flow channels . | International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , 2021 , 46 (3) , 2990-3007 . |
| 导入链接 | NoteExpress RIS BibTex |
摘要 ：
Reactants and products distribute unevenly in flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, therefore, the baffle heights and locations in flow channels exhibit effects on species transportation. In this study, a two-dimensional, two-phase, non-isothermal, and steady state model is developed to study the baffle heights and locations effects on mass transportation and performance of the fuel cells with orientated-type channels. Simulation results show that: uniformly distributing baffles in a flow channel can both enhance the reactants transportation and help expel more liquid water, resulting in higher net powers; although using a big baffle at the upstream segment of a channel enhances the performance more, while the water accumulating is also increased more. Reducing the baffle heights accounts for weaker reactants transfer enhancements and worse liquid water expelling; moving the baffles backwardly also causes the decrease in reactant transportation, while the liquid water expelling process is increased. (C) 2020 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词 ：
Baffle dimension Baffle dimension Baffle location Baffle location Orientated-type flow channel Orientated-type flow channel Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Two-phase mass transfer Two-phase mass transfer
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang et al. A numerical study of baffle height and location effects on mass transfer of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with orientated-type flow channels [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2021 , 46 (10) : 7528-7545 . |
| MLA | Chen, Hao et al. "A numerical study of baffle height and location effects on mass transfer of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with orientated-type flow channels" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 46 . 10 (2021) : 7528-7545 . |
| APA | Chen, Hao , Guo, Hang , Ye, Fang , Ma, Chong Fang . A numerical study of baffle height and location effects on mass transfer of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with orientated-type flow channels . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2021 , 46 (10) , 7528-7545 . |
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